OF ACCOMPANYING ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 1071 



"May 6th" (Hansard, and Bemis), by the British government, announcement in parliament of 

 the intention of recognizing the slaveholding insurgents as a belligerent power. " May 13th," the 

 proclamation to that effect issued, declaring that " hostilities have unhappily commenced," and enjoin- 

 ing neutrality. " In the evening," after the issuing of the proclamation, minister Adams of the new 

 administration at Washington, landed in England (Bemis). Representations were made through the 

 British minister at Paris, that the insurgents should be "invested with all the rights and prerogatives 

 of a belligerent ; " and at the end of " a month,'' the French proclamation was issued (parliam. blue 

 b. iii. p. 1, and Bemis). 



In this year's Report on the Harvard Library, John L. Sibley states : " The demand for materials 

 to be converted into paper has increased enormously within a few years. Junk dealers and tinmen 

 penetrate every part of New England in search of rags, and latterly they have commenced purchasing 

 books and pamphlets, for this purpose. Ninety-eight tons of bocks and pamphlets were ground up 

 in only one of the paper mills in Massachusetts in one year." 



"June 25th" (Boston newspaper), Abd-el-Medjid succeeded by Abd-el Aziz Khan, thirty-third 

 Turkish sultan. 



"July 13th" (opin. judges Nelson and others, Bemis), hostilities at length resolved upon by the 

 American government, and civil war recognized by act of Congress. 



" 1862, March 10th " (Boston Journal of March 15th), revolution in naval warfare initiated by a 

 combat between ironclads : the ram Merri mac defeated on the Lower Chesapeake by the Monitor; 

 a revolving sea-turret invented and constructed by Ericsson. 



'" 1863, Jan. 1st," proclamation by president Lincoln, Freeing the slave's in the revolted States. 



A New Englander according to governor Andrew (Boston Journal of Jan. 9th) is "not unfre- 

 quently an expert in divers callings. In the winter he cuts ice" for "Calcutta, and he goes fishing in 

 the summer on the Banks of Newfoundland. He carries on his father's homestead in the growing 

 season, and makes boots for Boston market in the intervals of farming." He "goes to college for his 

 own education, and teaches school himself in the college vacation." He "scours the Pacific in a New 

 Bedford whaler while he is young and fond of adventure, and settles down at last the keeper of a 

 country store : " manufactures "plows and reapers in Massachusetts, and puts his earnings into rail- 

 roads in Michigan, Iowa, and Wisconsin." 



About the beginning of this year (Lond. Times quoted in Boston Journ. Feb. loth), Egypt, after 

 furnishing troops in Eastern wars for more than five thousand years, first sending soldiers to America. 

 The French transport Seine, having landed "a body of troops for Cochin China," received on board 

 through the connivance of the viceroy "four or five hundred" of his Negro soldiers to be employed 

 in the war in Mexico. — Four years later, arrival home "of the Egyptian battalion which has been 

 fighting" in Mexico, "reduced in numbers from seven hundred to three hundred and fifty, all the men 

 remaining decorated with " French and Mexican orders" (Bost. Transcr. July 12th, 1867). 



Before the close of the year (Dicey in Nineteenth Cent. mag. for 1877), Said Pasha succeeded by 

 Ismail Pasha as viceroy of Egypt. — He continues ruling in the present year 1878, and is called "the 

 Khedive." 



"The same year" (Boston Journal of May 4th), in return for a patent medicine " largely sold 

 in Egypt," arrival in Boston of a cargo of rags ; consisting in great part of mummy-rags, now used 

 "for paper stock." 



" In this year" (title-page), Prior publishing his Popular names of British plants. 



"1864, May 5th" (Grant's report), Bermuda Hundred and City Point, at the junction of the 

 Appomattox and James rivers, occupied by an army under Gen. B. F. Butler. 



The same year (journ. Bost. soc nat. hist.), emery discovered in America by C. T. Jackson; in 

 an extensive vein or bed, at Chester in Western Massachusetts. 



" 1865, Feb. 1st" (Grant's report), Gen. W. T. Sherman with an army, having traversed Georgia 

 from Atlanta to Savannah, now turned Northeast, continuing by land through the Carolinas. 



"April 9th" (Grant's report), surrender to Gen. U. S. Grant of the insurgent army driven from 

 Richmond : followed by the surrender of the insurgent forces everywhere, virtually closing the war. 



April 14th, Friday, about 10 p.m. (Stanton offic. account), assassination of president Lincoln. 



"1866, Jan. 30th at 3^ p.m.," full moon at New York; the succeeding full moon to take place 

 "March 1st about 7 a.m.," leaving the intervening month of February without a full moon (N. Y. 

 Evening Post of Feb. 24th). 



"In this year" (Dallet hist. Cor. p. Ixii to cv), severe persecution of Christians in Corea, 

 Pourthie and other French missionaries put to death ; and their manuscript writings, including a 

 Corean-Chinese-Latin dictionary by Pourthie, a Chinese-Corean-Frerfch dictionary by Daveluy, and 

 Latin-Corean dictionary by Petitnicolas, seized and burned —A Corean grammar and dictionary, 

 mpiled subsequently by Ridel assisted by native Christians, was ready for publication in 1874. 



" Before the close of the year " (Dallet p. exeii), French intervention to punish the murder and 



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