EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION. xxxili 
it, and properly gave it the same name. Others gave it to fishes having no 
real resemblance ; such is the one called also White Perch along the Atlan- 
tic coast, which is a Bass (A/orone americana) ; others are Sciznids, as the 
Silver Perch (Bairdiella chrysura), the Gray Perch (Pogonias chromis), and 
the White Perch of the Ohio River (4plodinotus grunniens) ; another, the Red 
Perch (Sebastes marinus), is a Scorpenid, and still another, the Blue Perch 
(Tautogolabrus burgall), a Wrasse or Labrid. The name is also given in 
some places to various species of a family peculiar to America, the Centrar- 
chids, and among them to the Black Basses and the Sunfishes. Along the 
Pacific coast it is given to viviparous fishes or Embiotocids ; especially, in 
California, to the Alfione (Rhachochilus toxotes), and in Oregon and Wash- 
ington to another, likewise miscalled Porgee (Damalichthys argyrosomus). 
The Sacramento River Embiotocid (4ysterocarpus traskii) is called River 
Perch, or simply Perch. 
Bass is applied to so many different species — a score and more — that 
we cannot spare the room to enumerate them. In England it is the proper 
name of a marine fish common only along the southern coast, formerly 
called Labrax lupus, but now named Dicentrarchus labrax. A related spe- 
cies, though of a different genus, was found by the new settlers of Massa- 
chusetts and New York, and quite properly called Bass or Striped Bass; it 
is the Roccus lineatus of modern ichthyologists. There are several other 
species, including the White Perch, also entitled to the name. All others 
are quite remote from the true Bass — even the Black Basses. These last, 
however, must retain the name, and it might be better to'always use the 
hyphenated form, z.¢. Black-bass. 
Trout is another of the English names variously misapplied. In the old 
country it is given to a single species generally distributed through the 
island in clear cold streams. The Pilgrims found in similar streams in 
Massachusetts a fish somewhat like it, and called it by the same name, 
although if good Izaak Walton or some other angler had been among them, 
he might have told them it was not a Trout but a Char. Others found in 
Maine land-locked Salmon and in various large lakes another good-sized 
Salmonid (Cristivomer namaycush), and applied to them also the name of 
‘Trout, but often with a qualifying prefix, as Schoodic or Sebago Trout, and 
Lake Trout. The old specific name was thus applied to representatives of 
three distinct genera ; but the offence was venial, as the genera are closely 
related and belong to the same family. But this was not the case with 
others. Settlers in troutless Southern States, bound to give the name to 
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