xxxvi AMERICAN FISHES. 
colonists, and those only in forms considerably different from the originals. 
Such are, besides Menhaden, Scup, Chogset, Tautog, Squeteague and 
Mummichog, still more or less used along the Atlantic coast ; Namaycush, 
Masamacush, Winninish (Ouananiche), Tullibee, Togue, Siscowet, and Cisco 
in the interior, and Stit-tse, Nissuee, Quinnat, Kisutch, and Eulachon or 
Oolachan along the Pacific coast. 
When Americans resorted to Florida, and still more when they had 
increased in numbers, there were fishermen of Spanish origin to supply 
them with denizens of the neighboring waters, and their names in part were 
forced upon the markets. The most prominent are in somewhat different 
guise from the originals, such as Grouper (from Garrupa), Cavally (from 
Caballa), Pompano (from Pampano), Permit (from Palometa), and Warsaw 
(from Guasa) ; others, of later introduction among English names, retain 
the original orthography, as Barracuda, Cabrilla, Cero, Ronco, Rascacio, 
Pargo, Doncella, Senorita, and others. 
In California also, the Americans found the ground preoccupied by men 
of Spanish origin, and in some cases likewise adopted names for fishes 
which they failed to recognize as like those they had known in their former 
homes. Garrupa, Cabrilla, Doncella, Senorita, and Rascacio were accepted, 
as in Florida, but of course for different species; some other names were 
Viuva, Sparada, Alfiona, and Bugara. 
But the Spaniards were not the only foreigners to introduce their names 
in California. Portuguese and Italian fishermen immigrated to the State, 
and, in some branches of the fishery industry, almost monopolized the ground 
and introduced names current at their former homes. 
The Portuguese used methods for catching fish at greater depths than 
those of other races had been accustomed to, and found especially many 
previously unknown species of Scorpeenids (kindred to the Rose-fish of New 
England waters) and gave them names, such as Mérou, Pesce Prétre, Pesce 
Vermiglia, Tambor, Corsair, Rasciera or Rasher, and Flioma or Fliaum. 
The Italians have also contributed their share to the fisherman’s vocab- 
ulary. Among their names are Scorpene, Boccaccio or Boccac, and Reina. 
The French, notwithstanding their one-time dominance on the continent, 
have left comparatively few evidences of it in the names of fishes, except in 
restricted localities. The most prominent ones are Capelin (from Capelan), 
and Losh (from Loche), names of European species. Other names are 
Doré, Inconnu, and Ouananiche. The last is not a true French name, but 
an Indian whose pronunciation is approximately rendered by the anglicized 
