The Animals and Man 



PART I 



THE PARTS OF ANIMALS AND 

 HOW THEY ARE USED 



CHAPTER I 

 THE GRASSHOPPER AND THE SNAIL 



An animaPs body composed of parts. — The body of every 

 animal, even the very simplest ones, is composed of a 

 few or many parts, each part having some special use or 

 thing to do. A dog has its body made up of head, trunk, 

 legs, and tail — the head comprising skull with brain inside, 

 jaws with teath, tongue, eyes, ears, etc.; the trunk com- 

 prising a host of internal parts, as the backbone, heart, 

 lungs, stomach, intestines, etc., and the legs in turn composed 

 of a series of bones to which are attached muscles, among 

 which run nerves and blood-vessels, the whole being covered 

 with a hairy skin. The study of the parts, external and 

 internal, of an animal is called anatomy, and the study of 

 the uses or functions of the parts is called physiology. In 

 earUer. years anatomy and physiology were studied wholly 

 separately, as they still sometimes are. But we know that 

 the things animals do, and the ways in which they do them, 

 depend upon the parts of the body and upon the special 

 character of these parts. We know also that these parts 

 are specially developed and fitted to do certain things or 

 perform certain functions in special ways. That is, the 



