DOMESTICATED ANIMALS 



265 



size of a coyote, and with three toes on all its feet; through 

 Proiohippus and certain other kinds of the Middle Miocene, 

 about as large as Shetland ponies and with three toes on all 

 feet but with the side toes not touching the ground; to 

 Equus, which first appeared in the Pleistocene with only 

 one developed toe and splints of the 2d and 4th on each foot. 



i'lG. 139. Restoration of the lour-toed horse; based on a mounted skeleton, 

 16 inches high, in the American Museum of Natural History. (After 

 a, water-color by C. R. Knight.) 



The color of the prehistoric horse is not known but it was 

 probably dun with more or less well-defined stripes like a 

 zebra. The bones of human beings have been found associ- 

 ated with those of prehistoric horses in South America and 

 in Europe. Remains of horses are associated in Europe 

 with human relics of the Bronze Age. 



Donkeys have been derived from two wild species, the 

 Nubian Desert donkey, Equus taniopus, and the onager, 

 Equus onager of eastern Asia. Tame donkeys are figured 

 in the earliest of Egyptian and Assyrian drawings and 

 carvings. 



