ANCIENT AND MODERN MAN 389 



been put upon the blazing fire. Everyone is busy; everyone 

 appears intent, upon what he is doing, when an alarm is 

 raised, and everyone in the settlement has stopped what he 

 is doing. It is the enemy ! Down goes the core upon which 

 the first man is engaged; even 'his cherished quartzite 

 hammer is dropped in the alarm. Down goes the marrow- 

 bone, with the flint wedge firmly gripped, and down is 

 thrown the implement finished all but for one blow. The 

 pot is left upon the hearth, the heap of hot stones, and 

 everyone flees for dear life, which, in all probability is barely 

 saved! From the discovery of human bones it is probable 

 that all did not escape, and 

 those who did were afraid to 

 come back again for a long 

 period; and between this time 

 and renewed operations the fig. 192. Drawing of a naked 



Zephyrs and good old Aeolus man, with .short spear, hunting 

 had spread a curtain of blown wild horses. From the Cave of 

 J -11 1 , t"^ Madeleine, France; carved 



sand over it all, and ^ thus on the handle of a primitive bone 

 preserved the picture of the ornament. (After Lartet and 

 times for thousands of years, Chnsty.) 

 to delight the soul of the prehistoric archaeologist at the 

 close of the nineteenth century, A. D." 



The oldest actual human bones are those found in various 

 places in Belgium, France, Germany, Croatia and elsewhere 

 in Europe in geological formations far more recent than 

 those of the eoliths. They all come from Pleistocene 

 (Quaternary) formations. Our prehistoric ancestors, repre- 

 sented by these grim relics, have been called the Neanderthal 

 man, the Spy man, the Krapina man, the man of Correze, 

 etc., depending on the location of their final resting-place. 

 And all of them agree in revealing certain characteristics 

 which show that they were men of a lower order of develop- 

 ment than men of historic times. In all, the brain cavity 

 was much smaller than ours, the forehead was low and re- 



