THE LIFE OF MAMAALS 
showing that in past time such animals existed throughout the warmer parts 
of the Old World. Some of these fossils are evidently of existing species, 
which appear by their present restricted habitats to have nearly come to the 
end of their career, —for species rise and flourish and decline as do individ- 
uals, —and all the anthropoids are doubtless doomed to speedy extinction. 
As has been said, none but young examples of these great 
apes have been kept in captivity (except at Calcutta) where 
they could be under scientific notice; but chimpanzees ten or a 
dozen years old have been seen in Europe. The little ones of all 
species seem much alike, gentle and playful when kindly treated, 
affectionate toward their friends, and safely allowed to run loose 
on shipboard or in villages, but likely to fly into a rage when 
teased, and to grow suilen and revengeful toward those who 
have injured them, and this viciousness increases as they grow 
older and learn the measure of their strength. 
One of the most interesting ever shown in the United States was the chim- 
panzee Crowley, who traveled three or four years with a circus, and in 
Anthro- winter was lodged in the Central Park Menagerie, in New York. 
poids in When he came to us in June, 1884, he was only about a year old 
Captivity. 
and weighed only 15 pounds; in June, 1886, he weighed 57 
pounds, and two years later 110 pounds. He died of tubercular phthisis 
in August, 1888, when his total height was 4 feet and 4 inches. His skel- 
eton and mounted skin may still be seen in the American Museum of 
Natural History. Another noted chimpanzee shown in the United States 
in 1890 was Chiko. Dohong and Polly were in the New York Zoo in 1903. 
The youngsters of all three species are about equally capable 
of being taught simple tricks, and come to understand many 
human words, and to make their cries express various emotions 
comprchended by their keepers; but they are sedate as com- 
pared with the vivacity of the mischief-loving monkeys.  Cir- 
cuses abound in trained young chimpanzees and orang-utans 
which will wear clothes, sit at table, and eat all sorts of things 
with knife, fork, ‘and spoon, drink from tumblers, smoke a 
tobacco pipe, use pen and paper, and do many quaint “stunts” 
with a comical resemblance to a little old man. In these feats 
20 
