OORIAL AND GULIJAR 
in Ladak), a tall, rather lean reddish gray species, found from 
the Punjab to eastern Persia and from northern Tibet to 
Beluchistan, and this great variety of habitat has produced an 
equal variety of size and form. It will interbreed with domes- 
tic sheep, and has no doubt entered largely into the parentage 
of the Asiatic flocks. 
Although every sportsman who visits the Himalaya has a 
shot at oorial, which are active and wary, awakening the echoes 
with shrill alarm whistles when the hunter fancies they have 
no idea of his approach, a more creditable game is the great 
guljar, or Marco Polo’s sheep, of the Pamirs. In poo 
summer it roams in the grassy valleys fifteen thou- Sheep- 
sand to eighteen thousand feet above the sea, cropping the 
young herbage springing at the edge of the melting snow fields, 
but in winter must retreat to lower levels. Old rams are nearly 
white, and carry circling horns which may measure sixty inches 
around the outside curve. 
What it means to hunt these and other mountain sheep and goats may 
be learned by reading the books of Himalayan sportsmen. An experience 
by Captain R. P. Cobbold in 1897 may serve as an example. He had climbed 
on yaks with Kirghiz companions to treeless valleys on the Pamir about 
thirteen thousand in altitude, where at that season (late October) the mer- 
cury fell at night below zero; and before dawn, one morning, he began a 
heart-breaking tramp over steep ridges in search of the game. When it 
became light enough to see anything, certain animals were discovered 
through field glasses on the opposite hillsides. 
“ After half an hour’s stiffish uphill work, we got to the plateau where the 
creatures had been feeding, but they had gone. Looking up, I saw they 
were ibex, and some fine heads among them; but I did not want ibex, as 
I had shot them before, so I did not bother about them; they went up into 
some rocky cliffs, playing and butting each other, and kicking down stones. 
We descended halfway, and then had a look around from behind some 
rocks on to the hillside and the Pamir below. It was getting pretty good 
light now, and I made out two white ponies about two hundred yards off; 
at least, that is what they looked like to me. I thought it rather odd that 
the Kirghiz should leave their ponies to wander so high up, so I called 
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