FORERUNNERS OF THE RHINOCEROS 
Two or three associated forms of huge middle-Tertiary mammals allied 
to the rhinoceros require mention. Prominent among them, and almost 
exclusively American so far as known, were the titanotheres, forming the 
family Titanotheriide. These in their later development exceeded in size 
the largest modern rhino, reaching a length of thirteen feet and standing 
seven and a half feet tall at the shoulders; the probable appearance of 
Titanotherium robustum is shown in the accompanying restoration. Its 
head was most remarkable, the skull having somewhat the shape of a 
ee 
(eas Rix 
= ae 
By permission of the American Museum of Natural History. 
A TITANOTHERIUM BULL, COW AND CALF. 
Restoration by Charles R. Knight, under direction of Professor H. F, Osborn. 
saddle, with two great horn-projections in front, and others above the 
little eyes. Some thirty species have been recovered, together with their 
Eocene predecessors, Paleosyops and Telmatotherium, and one of the most 
~ interesting and valuable exhibits in the splendid paleontological collection 
of the Museum of Natural History in New York is Professor Osborn’s 
series showing the gradual evolution of the peculiarities of these gigantic 
ungulates toward their perfected form, described by Osborn and Wortman 
in the Bulletins of the Museum for 1895 and 1896. The family seems to 
have reached the limit of its specialization and come to an end within the 
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