— 2 — 



The systematic part of the botanical results of this jour- 

 ney have been published from time to time as the examina- 

 tion of the separate families was completed.^) 



This memoir is the first part of the biological section of 

 the botanical results of the expedition, and includes the vege- 

 tation of the lowlands. 



As the expedition never remained long in one place, 

 there was not much opportunity for thorough investigation 

 of the desert in any locality, so that this memoir is the 

 result of observations in many parts most of which were 

 only examined for a short time. Physiognomy therefore 

 occupies a prominent place in this description of a type of 

 vegetation which in detail would constitute an extensive 

 research. It is to be hoped that detailed investigations, such 

 as those made at the desert laboratory in Tuczon (Arizona) 

 or similar to Fitting's researches in the Sahara will also be 

 made in the Transcaspian desert, so characteristic and worthy 

 of careful examination. 



') These publications are located as follows: Videnskabelige Meddelelser 

 fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kbhvn. 1901 — Caryophyllaceae, Ranun- 

 culaceae; in the same periodical for 1903 — Cruciferae, Umbelliferae, 

 Valerianaceae, Compositae, Gramineae, Potamogetonaceae, Chenopodiaceae; 

 Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 26 — Pteridophyta, Gnetaceae, Cupressaceae, Lemna- 

 ceae, Typhaceae, Juucaginaceae, Alismaceae, Typhaceae, Juncaginaceae, 

 Alismaceae, Liliaceae, Convallariaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Iridaceae, Juncaceae, 

 Orchidaceae, Salicaceae, Cupuliferae, Urticaceae, Cannabaceae, Polygonaceae ; in 

 Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 27 — Amarantaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Berberidaceae, 

 Ceratophyllaceae, Papaveraceae, Fumariaceae, Resedaceae, Violaceae, Franke- 

 niaceae, Tamaricaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Oxalidaceae, Linaceae, Geraniaceae, 

 Balsaminaceae, Malvaceae, Rutaceae, Zygophyllaceae. Polygalaceae, Ampelida- 

 ceae, Rhamnaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Saxifragaceae, Ribesiaceac, 

 Hamamelidaceae, Rosaceae, Lythraceae, Oenotheraceae, Haloragidaceae, Myr- 

 taceae, Loranthaceae, Primulaceae, Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, Plantaginaceae, 

 Bignoniaceae, Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Rubiaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Dip- 

 sacaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Borraginiaceae; Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 28 — 

 Fungi, Cyperaceae, Labiatae; Bulletin de I'Herbier Boissier VI — Papiliona- 

 ceae; Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 29 — Additions and Corrections. 



