26o CANINE AND FELINE SURGERY 



pubic lithotomy, passed off quite satisfactorily, the bladder and abdominal 

 wounds being each sutured without drainage and healing by first inten- 

 tion, the external sutures being removed on the ninth day afterwards. ^ 



Nos. I and 2 illustrate the facets which form from the friction produced 

 when one stone is continually rubbing against another. In the one 

 instance there were three stones, and in the other five, present. 



In lithotrity the abdomen is not opened, the stone or 

 stones being reached through the urethra. In the male, 

 after anaesthesia has been estabhshed, the animal is fixed on 

 the operating-table in the position illustrated in the photo- 

 graph, the hind-legs being drawn forward so as to efficiently 

 expose the seat of operation, which has already been shaved 

 and rendered thoroughly aseptic. The urine having been 

 previously drawn off, and the catheter left in position in 

 order to define clearly the outline of the urethra, an incision 



Fig. 166. — Lithotrite. 



is made directly on to this in the perineal region, about 

 midway between the testes and the anus. An aperture of 

 sufficient size to introduce the lithotrite is made in the 

 urethra, and the catheter steadily withdrawn. The curved 

 end of the lithotrite is introduced, passed round the pelvic 

 border, and into the bladder. Search is made for the calculus, 

 which must be manipulated until it is firmly fixed between 

 the jaws of the instrument, when steady pressure is exerted 

 upon it in order to break it up into small pieces, care being 

 taken not to include the mucous membrane of the bladder. 

 Some of the larger pieces may require a second application. 

 The fragments are then got rid of, either by forceps or by 

 continual irrigation with an antiseptic fluid, such as solution 



^ Veterinary Record. Proceeding's of the Central Veterinary Medical 

 Society (Garry and Hobday). 



