4, BTTFO. 317 



Bufo scaber, Spix, I. c. p. 47, pi. 20. f. 1. 



cinctus, Wied, Bextr. i. p. 564, and Abhild. 



melanotis, Dum. 8r Bihr. p. 710 ; Sensel, I. c. p. 148. 



gracilis, Girard, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1853, p. 424, and U.S. Expl. 



Exped., Herp. p. 83, pi. 6. f. 16-21. 

 Phrynoidis omatus, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 357. 



Differs from B. marinus in tlie following points: — Habit less 

 stout, the tarso-metatarsal articulation reaching nearly always beyond 

 the eye, frequently to the tip of the snout ; toes rather longer, with 

 shorter web ; tympanum larger, about three fourths the width of 

 the eye ; parotoids much smaller, elongate ; size much smaller. 



From young B. typhonius it may readily be distinguished, as it 

 lacks the angular projection of the angles of the jaws. 



A tarsal fold is generally present; a lateral line of warts. 

 Brownish above, with symmetrical black spots ; a blackish oblique 

 streak on the temporal regipn ; flanks and hinder side of thighs fre- 

 quently black, marbled with yellow ; generally a light, sometimes 

 black-edged, vertebral line; beneath grey-spotted. Male with a 

 subgular vocal sac. 



S. America. 



a,b. (J, Puerto Cabello. 



c. (J. Para. E. Grraham, Esq. [P.]. 



d. 2- Rio Janeiro. Lords of the Admiralty [P.]. 

 e,f,i/,h-i. d',$, Brazil. Lord Stuart [P.]. 



ligi"., & yg. 

 k. 2 • Brazil. Dr. Gardiner. 



l-o,p-s. d',5,hgT., S. America. 0. Darwin, Esq. [P.]. 



59. Bufo typhonius. 



Bufo ocellatus, Giinth. Cat. p. 64. 

 Otilophus margaritifer, Giinth. I. c. p. 69. 

 <&6a,i. t.71, f.6-9; Cuv. S. A. 

 Rana typhonia, Linn. S. N. i. p. 356 ; Shaw, Zool. iii. p. 159. 



margaritifera, Laur. Syn. Rept. p. 30. 



Bufo typhonius, Schneid. Hist. Amph. i. p. 207 ; Merr. Tent. p. 181 ; 



Ch-avenh. Ddie. p. 53 ; Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1872, p. 224, and 



1873, p. 624. 

 nasutus, Schneid. I. c. p. 217 ; Spix, Spec. Nov. Test. Ran. p. 50, 



1. 14. f. 3. 

 margaritifer, Latr. Rept. ii. p. 118; Daud. Bxiin. pi. 33. f. 1, 



and Rept. viii. p. 179 ; Bum. 8; Bihr. p. 718; Schmidt, Benkschr. 



Ac. Wien, 1858, p, 251, pi. 2. f. 16, 16 ; Steindachn. Novara, Amph. 



p. 47. 



(Oxyrhynchus) naricus, Spix, I. c. p. 49, 1. 14. f. 2. 



( ) acutirostria, Spix, I. c. p. 62, t. 21. f. 3. 



( ) proboscideus, Spix, I. c. p. 53, t. 21. f. 4. 



Oxyrhynchus spixii, Wied, Abhild. 



Otilophus typhonius, Tschudi, Batr. p. 89. 



Trachycara fusca, Tschudi, Faun. Per:, Herp. p. 78, pi. 11. f. 5. 



Bufo pleuropterus, Schmidt, Benkschr. Ac. Wien, 1858, p. 252, pi. 2. 



f. 17-19. 



