6 Circular No. 69 



brood-chambers along with shallow extracting-supers, in the pro- 

 duction of extracted honey. 



Queen-Exchider. The queen-excluder, made of wood and 

 wire, with openings between the wire just large enough to per- 

 mit the passage of worker bees, but too narrow to admit the 

 queen, is placed between the brood-chamber and super and pre- 

 vents the queen from going up into the super and placing eggs 

 in the combs containing the surplus honey. It is used largely 

 in the production of chunk and extracted honey. 



Bee-Escape and Board. The bee-escape and board is placed 

 between the hive and super when the honey is ready to be taken 

 off. It frees the supers from bees so that no shaking of the 

 frames or smoking of bees is necessary. It is put on late in the 

 evening before the day when the super is to be taken off. The 

 board, with the bee-escape removed and a small piece of wood 

 tacked over the hole, is used as an inner cover and remains 

 on the hive the year around; during the summer it is placed 

 between the top super and the hive cover. 



Kind of Bees. The Italian bees are considered the most 

 profitable and are very popular among the beekeepers in this 

 country. They are vigorous workers, gentle to handle, keep their 

 hives clean and withstand foul-brood and the bee moth better 

 than some of the other races of bees. 



Suggested Outfit for Beginners 



Bulk Comb-Honey Production. One colony of Italian bees 

 in a 10-frame Langstroth hive with frames containing full sheets 

 of medium brood foundation. 



Two shallow extracting-supers complete, with narrow strips 

 of thin super foundation. 



Queen-excluder, 



One Porter bee-escape and board, 



Hive tool. 



Bee veil. 



Standard smoker. 



