10 Circular No. 69 



foundation, in addition to each hive, should be on hand at the 

 beginning of the honej^ flow. The number required for each 

 colony depends on the strength and duration of the honey flow. 

 In storing the surplus honey the bees draw out the foundation 

 and fill the frames with comb honey. This is cut out by the 

 beekeeper and, with some strained honey added, is sold in the 

 bulk as "chunk" honey. 



To produce extracted honey either the shallow extraeting- 

 supers or extra brood-chambers may be used. Full sheets of 

 comb foundation are put into the frames and wired to prevent 

 the tearing down of the comb in the process of extracting. In 

 a ten-frame super or hive body nine frames are used and in an 

 eight-frame, seven. This results in thick, full combs that are 

 more easily uncapped. The supers are taken off when about 

 two-thirds of the cells are capped, placed in an extracting ma- 

 chine and the honey thrown out of the cells. The combs of empty 

 cells are then put back into the hives, to be cleaned up or to be 

 refilled by the bees, provided the flow is still on. Some prefer 

 the shallow extracting-supers, as they are filled and the cells 

 capped more rapidly than in the full-depth frames. Honey 

 from uncapped cells is usually not ripened and such honey 

 often ferments, when kept for some time. 



When the brood-chamber becomes crowded with bees and 

 the combs begin to show white at the top of the frames, the 

 supers should be put on. The second super should be added 

 underneath the first as soon as the bees start capping the cells 

 in the latter. 



General Management 



The beekeepers skill in securing a large production of 

 honey depends on (1) Spring management, in having a lar-e 

 force of worker bees, strong enough to work in the supers at the 

 begnmmg of the honey flow; (2) Swarm control, by keeping the 

 working force intact and at work during the entire honey flow 



8vrmg Management. If the colony has come thru the win' 

 ter with a small percentage in loss of bees and has a good pro- 



