PARASITES OF THE ALIMENTARY TRACT 95 
are frequently born with Ascarides, though no satis- 
factory explanation is forthcoming. Pups, when 
affected, show a harsh, staring coat, pot-belly, capricious 
appetite, and often intermittent diarrhoea and vomiting. 
The vomit occasionally contains one or more Ascarides. 
Nervous symptoms are usually in evidence when the 
number of Ascarides present is large. These are repre- 
sented by twitching of groups of muscles and epileptiform 
convulsions. Deathin pups from these parasites is quite 
common. Incontinence of urine is another frequent 
symptom. 
We have seen several cases of intestinal intussuscep- 
tion due to Ascarides. 
In older dogs the symptoms are less pronounced, 
though nervous symptoms are not uncommon. 
Treatment.—Santonin is considered a specific, but 
must be used with caution. Pups should receive 
$ to 2 grains, with 2 to 5 grains calomel. 
Syrup. ferri iod., given daily for a week, is much 
safer and quite as efficacious. 
Older dogs may receive santonin, 2 to 5 grains, 
according to weight and breed. 
Ext. filix mas and grated areca-nut are also used. 
Ascaris Mystax resembles Ascaris marginata, but is 
smaller, and the wings on either side of the head are 
quite easily visible to the naked eye. 
Symptoms and Treatment.—As in the dog. 
Ankylostomum ‘Trigonocephalum.— This worm is 
sometimes found in the small intestine of the dog and 
cat. 
It ranges from } to # inch in length, and is usually 
reddish in colour, from ingested blood. The caudal 
pouch of the male consists of two large lateral lobes 
and a small median lobe. The mouth is chitinous, with 
three hooked teeth at either side of the ventral border 
and one straight tooth at either side of the dorsal border. 
