(S65) 



226 



degenerat ion into vacuoles , in -rhich the cytoplasm be- 

 comes fiAled vdtii numerous vacuoles asf5ur!iing a coarse foamy 

 Structure ; 



fatty defeneration , characterized by the occurrence of oil 

 drops m the cells ;- 



cellulose defeneration . I believe I have found in those 

 sacs, in v;hich (as the clearage product of decayed 'cytoplasm) 

 inter -cellular cellulose precipitates are produced, as in the 

 cases studied by ?/, Magnus floo, citl and those described in 

 the third chapter (P. 63), 



Besides the products of decay already nr.med, the precipi- 

 tates , "granul§" of an unkno^rm kind, should be mentioned, vMoh 

 are often found in diseased cells, Also, rKiny of the artifacts 

 are included here vrhich oe- their production to various fixing 

 media. 



Tie may perhaps look for the results of a degenerative de- 

 cay of the cytoplasm In the abnormal processes of suberization 

 or llgnifieation (p. 64)^, 



The abnormal micro- chemical conditions lie outside of our 

 consideration. The conclusions to \7hich mloro-chemiOal facts 

 lead us are connected only very loosely 'Tith anatomy, but more 

 closely vrith chemical physiology, numerous -./orks have already 

 throvn light on abhormal acidity^ on abnormal distribution of 

 tanftio substances, of sugar, nitrates, alkaloids, on the pro- 

 duction of foreigh matters, on the abnormal composition of the 

 cell membrane and the like,- It is not our task to go more 

 into detail as to the contents of these '7orks. 



■^ The ^.Iterature appertaining to this Is not especially 

 abundant. Besides many of the '.-rarks above np.med, there may be 

 considered also, Klemm, Desorganigationsersoheinungsn der Zelle, 

 Pringsh^ira's Jahrb, f, v/^ss. Bot,,-1895, Bd, XXVIII, p, 62?. 

 Sorauer, Handb. d. Pflanzenkrankh,, 2. Aufl. , 1886, Bd. l,p.861 

 (on "liquefaction diseases"). Frank, Krankheiten d. Pfl., 2. 

 Aujei., 1894, 3d. I, p. 31, 43, 103, etc. (Protection and core- 

 xvood secretions onv;ounc!s, phenomena of decay), Hartig, R, Zer- 

 setaungsverscheinungen des Holzes, Berlin 1878. On the formation 

 of v;ound-gum, compare also p, 165) note 2, Phenomena of disorr- 

 ganization v/ere observed in living cells, among others by Haber- 

 landt, Kulturve]*suche ra. isolierten pflanzenzellen. Sitzungsber. 

 Akad, inss, ¥ien, 1902. Bd. CXI, Abt. 1, p. 69. 



^ Thus for instance, R. Kraus, Gr., Stoff^vvechsel bei den 

 Crassulaceen. Abhandl, ^er Haturforsch, Ges. Hall,^, Bd. XVX. 

 Timpe, Beitr, z, Kenntn, d. Panachierung, Diss. Gottingen, 1900. 

 Tschirch, In Bot. Gbl., 1887, Bd, XXXII, p* 94. KasSner, Jeber 

 Solanin in Kartoffeln, J), Iiandv/irtsch. Presse, 1887, Kr/ 19. 

 (Just's Jahresber.. Bd. XV, 2, p. 340). Strasburger, Ueb. Ver- 

 r/achsungen u, deren J'olgen. Ber. d. D. Bot, Ges., 1885, Bd. Ill, 

 p. XXXIV. Sauvageau, Infl. d'un parasite sur Iff^s plantes hospi- 

 talieres. 0. R. Acad. So, Paris, 1900, T, CXXX, p. 143. Ritzema, 

 Bos, Over het ontstaan van giftstof fen in plantedeaien die door 

 ■Darasitische sohv;ammen zijn aangetast 'etc. Hygien, Bladen, 1901, 

 Hr. 1-8 (Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrankh., 1902, Bd. XII, p. -235). On 

 •Xidation enzjrmes, compare above p. 35, note (1), Mangin, S, la 

 constitution d. cyatolithes et d. membr, incrustees de carb. de 

 chaux. C. R, Acad. So, Paris, 1892, T. CXV, p, 260. Boodle. On 

 llgnifieation in the phloem of Helianthus annuus, Ann, of Bot,, 

 1902, Vol, XVI, p. 180. Compare also above, p. 54, ^oychcff, 

 Infl. d. blessures s. la formation d, natiexes proteiques non 

 digestibles. Rev. gen. de Bot., 1902, T, XIV^ p. 449. 



