m- 



246 



Gobel, in feis "Organographie" , states in regards to 

 this, that in galls, neither is anything morphologically 

 nGTv' 91'oduced, nor any "new tissue elements otherwise not 

 existing .in |?he plants". "Kew ^lone are the combinations 

 of the plants' possibilities, the characteristics uhich 

 f^arnlsh the changing pictures of the kaleidospope, Fori^s 

 transitional betvreen the organs are produced here very 

 abundantly". A note Supplements "Cell forms v-ere nlso 

 found, which do not exist In any undisturbed development, 

 thr.t is, those of the 'hair formation in "Erlnetira" galls. 



(28T) fhese hair formations, which are caused by mites, ar^ of 



s«;rvice to the parasites and varg from the normal j^air feros 

 of the plants ooncernad". Appel^ seems to share Gobei's 



■: view. 



m BeTerindfe^ holds a different view. According to hira 



p "new" cell and tissue forms may indeed be found in galls « 



at times the representatives of the Tinotoria and KAIXerl 

 I gall type. Herbst*, Berthold° and others think the same, 



' I' have expressed my vlevr ns being the aaiae as the authors 



i hexe named°. 



POf the representatives of the opposite theory, I will 

 name d« VrieS^, According tt him, galls eyen of the highest 

 differentiation are oomposed only of such onatomioal ele- 

 ments G^ are found also In the plants which bear them. 

 "Only the elements faf the peculiar stone cell layer in many 

 Cynipldes gclla^, which develops later into a thin-walled 

 nutritive tissue, fortn an 'escbetJtlon as yet ^ot entirely 

 explained, which may be only an apparent one". 



All other abnoraal tissue fonhatlons should be inves- 

 tigated from the sarDe. :i?6lnte ^3^ Hev as galls. 



Berthpld (loo. olt.) etejphaslaes the abnormal structure 

 which may he obsexvftble ift regeneration and the healing of 

 wounds. Vbchting*^ had already obtained similar results,; 

 he fdund new kinds of cells produced in wound tissue sucn 

 [ as aotivlty-hyperplasias. 



I ^ Organographies 1898. Bd. 1, pp. 169, l''0. 



^ Ueher Bh:?to- und Zoomorphosen, Konlgsberg. 1899, 



^ Beob, ueber die ersten Entwickelungsphasen elniger 

 Cynipidengallen, Amsterdam, 1882, 



* ueber die Bedeiitung d, Relaphyslologle , £. 51., Blftlog. 

 Cbl., 1895, Bd. ZY, p. m. 



^ Untersuph. zur Phys. der IJflanzl. Organization, 1898, 

 Bd. IrFinleitung, p, 9, Here also Goebel in Flora, 1899. JJ/ 

 IXXXVI, p. 234. Compare also Prillieux, Etude s, la f^i^^J;?; ®^ 

 le developp, de quelqu, gallesi Ann. Sc, Kat. Bot., 6 aer^-e, 

 18?6, T. IXI, p. 135. ' . 



^ Beitr. a, Anat, d. Gallon Flora,l900, Bd.£XXXVXI» paT6 «• 



'^ Intracellulare Pangenesis, 1889, p. 11'''. 



p 



Compare &bov« p, 254. 



^ Ueb. Transplantatlonen am Pf lanzenkSrper , 1892, Z, Phys, 

 der Knollengew. Jahrb. f, wlss. Bot., 1900, B4. XXXIv, p. i. 



