XXXVn] CYCADOCEPHALTJS 473 



In lia,bit Williamsoniella resembles Wielandiella : in the lattei 

 genus the foliage-leaves were confined to portions of the stem near 

 the forks, while in Williamsoniella they were more uniformly 

 scattered: Wielandiella bore leaves of the Anomozamites form 

 while Williamsoniella flowers are always associated with Taenio- 

 pteris fronds. The much greater spore-output of Williamsonia 

 may, it is suggested by Thomas, be correlated with the unisexual 

 nature of the flowers of that species. The microsporophylls of 

 Williamsoniella diSer in their more reduced form from the pinnate 

 microsporophylls of Williamsonia, e.g. W. spectabilis, and agree 

 more closely with those of Wielandiella. The microsporophylls 

 of Williamsoniella are free and not connate at the base as in 

 Cycadeoidea and Williamsonia. In its pyriform axis William- 

 soniella resembles Williamsonia gigas and differs from Williamsonia 

 Lechenhyi in the possession of a sterile apical corona: William- 

 soniella has megasporophylls and microsporophylls both of which 

 appear to be functional, while in Cycadeoidea fully developed 

 microsporophylls occur in association with megasporophylls which 

 are immature and must have matured much later than the micro- 

 sporophylls. The new genus agrees with Williamsonia in its 

 general features, but the flowers are smaller and are characterised 

 by the considerable reduction and simplification of the male 

 organs. 



CYCADOCEPHALUS. Nathorst. 



This genus was founded^ on a specimen from the Lower 

 Rhaetic of Scania, at first regarded as a megastrobilus and on 

 further examination^ found to be a collection of microsporophylls 

 resembling those of Williamsonia and Cycadeoidea. The type- 

 species is Cycadocephalus Sewardi, and a second species, C. minor, 

 was subsequently discovered by Dr Halle at a slightly higher 

 horizon in the Rhaetic series. Prof. Nathorst's most recent 

 account of the genus affords a striking illustration of the possi- 

 bilities of the method, which he has employed with conspicuous 

 success, of investigating carbonised fossils by means of cuticular 

 preparations. 



1 Nathorst (02) p. 7, PI. 1. 



2 Ibid. (09) p. 27, PI. vni.; (122) pjg. i^ „. (i2). 



