268 THICK WIND. — BEOKEN WIND. 



aecomplislied. In cases of Broken Wind the ribs are elevated, 

 and the intercostal spaces become plainly visible during the 

 respiratory act. The act, indeed, as Blaine clearly states 

 (although he is in error upon numerous matters respecting the 

 affection), "is made up of three efforts instead of two. In the 

 first, the air is drawn in naturally, and the flanks fill up as 

 usual ; but in the next, the falling of the flanks again to expel 

 the air is most unusual, — for it is not done with a gradual con- 

 traction of the muscles, but takes place at once by a momentary 

 effort ; and then a third action takes place, which is slow but 

 strong — drawing up the muscles ,of the belly, as though to 

 press out remaining air."* 



In addition to the above, other symptoms characteristic of 

 the affection are present in every case of genuine Emphysema. 

 The animal coughs frequently, and the cough is peculiar ; it is 

 compounded of a grunting and a puffing sound, and is short 

 and superficial ; while, if the ear be applied to the sides of the 

 chest or to the bottom of the trachea, a moist crepitus rJioncus 

 should be readily detected.f 



The symptoms of Thick "Wind are of a more direct and 

 simple character. In Thick Wind the inspirations and the 

 expirations are equal, but more rapid than normal ; and the 

 cough is also loud, hard, and short. In many instances Thick 

 Wind and Broken Wind are associated. 



Pathognomonic Symptoms. — The peculiar double action 

 of the ribs during the act of respiration, associated with the moist 

 crepitus rhoncus upon the surface of the lungs, are symptoms 

 clearly pathognomonic of Broken Wind. 



Causes which ag&eatatb Thick Wind and Beokbn 

 Wind. — The causes which agravate the affections now under 



* Blaine's Outlines, 5th Ed., 1841. t See the Symptoms of Pneumonia. 



