359 



Section V. 

 DISEASES OE THE UEINAET OEGANS. 



NEPHRITIS. 



IKEIIATION OF THE BLADDEE. 



SCANTY EMISSION OF UEINE. 



DITJBESIS. 



HiEMATDEIA. 



RETENTION OP THE HEINE. 



PEELIMINAEY REMARKS. 



The TJrinaiy Organs consist of the two kidneys — one situated 

 upon tlie right, and the other upon the left side of the spinal 

 column: also of the two ureters — one of which passes from 

 each kidney to the right and left sides of the bladder, where 

 they terminate : also of the bladder, and a canal or channel 

 which passes from the posterior extremity of the bladder ; this 

 is called the xirethra. 



These organs are not numerous, and — with the exception of 

 the kidneys — not complex in their structure, nor difficult to 

 understand. 



The kidneys are the organs which secrete the urine from 

 the blood. The ureters are the conduits by which, as soon as 

 it is formed, the urine is conducted to the bladder. The bladder 

 is a large muscular cavity, or bag, into which the urine, for 

 the sake of convenience, is temporarily lodged; otherwise it 

 would be perpetually dribbling away, to the annoyance and 

 discomfort of the animal: whilst the urethra is the canal or 



