22 PHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION. 



to the surface soil of that place. At Town Bank the upland 

 comes out to the Bay with a bold shore from fifteen to 

 twenty feet high ; and the action of the waves has exposed 

 its structure very distinctly. It is composed of stratified 

 sand and gravel, with a little loam in some of the layers. 

 The lines of stratification are generally horizontal, though 

 a slight inclination, in one direction or the other, is per- 

 ceptible at a few points. 



At Congress Hall, Cape Island, a- deep well was dug by 

 the proprietor of the house, for the purpose of supplying 

 it with good water. Jonas Miller, Esq., has kindly fur- 

 nished me with the following memoranda of the difierent 

 kinds of earth passed- through in digging it. 



1 foot of soil ; 



4 feet of hard, pebbly gravel ; 

 10 feet of coarse sand; 

 4 feet of clay ; 



2 feet of clay, with crusts of iron ; 



9 feet of white sand, with an abundant supply of water ; 

 30 feet, whole depth. 



Several Artesian wells have been bored at, and near, 

 Cape Island. Two of these, one at the United States 

 Hotel, and the other at the Mount Vernon Hotel, have 

 been very successful, yielding an abundant supply of 

 water. The details of the materials passed through, 

 and the depths, are given in the accompanying figures. 



A well bored for Mark Devine, Esq., on the shore at 

 the bridge near the light-house, failed of furnishing fresh 



