48 GEOLOGICAL AGE AND FORMATION. 



will be found quite to the bottom, just as we now find on 

 the surface. In forcing the rod down, much difficulty is 

 experienced in piercing the layers of mud, while it will 

 drop by its own weight in passing through the layers of 

 roots. In sounding for the Dennisville Section, a layer of 

 sedge, or other grass roots, was found about four feet under 

 the surface, and extending back- from the creek a quarter 

 of a mile. It was extremely difficult to penetrate, being a 

 foot thick, and almost solid, with coarse and strong roots. 

 It is represented on the section. 



§ The marsh, as will be perceived, is of variable depth ; 

 twenty-seven feet is the deepest found in sounding for the 

 section across the marsh near Grassj' Sound. Mr. John 

 Stites, Sen., informs me that the deepest marsh opposite 

 Beesley's Point is thirty feet. In sounding across the 

 marsh at Tuckahoe for the Delaware and Earitan Bay 

 Railroad, the greatest depth found was seventeen feet. 

 Near the mouth of Dennis Creek, in putting in a stopping 

 across the mouth of a ditch, the piles driven down reached 

 the bottom at twenty-nine feet. 



§ The marsh along the sea-shore, and also the smaller 

 ones on New England Creek, Cox Hall Creek, Fishing 

 Creek, Green Creek, and Dyer's Creek, are all protected 

 from the action of the waves by sand-beaches, and appear 

 to have formed in quiet water. That about the mouths 

 of Goshen, Dennis, East and "West creeks, is now exposed 

 to the direct action of the waves j but there is reason to 

 believe that a sand beach has extended in front of these 

 also, and that it has been worn away. 



The Cedar Hummocks at Goshen have evidently been a 



