132 ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY. 



cent, of common gait. The value of it may be estimated 

 by comparing it with some other brines from which salt is 

 made : — 



Specific gravity. Percentage of salt. 



Saturated brine 1.205 25.00 



. Sea-water 1.030 3.00 



Brine from Onondaga, N. Y 1.130 15.50 



Brine from Kanawha, Va 1.073 7.25 



The English Liverpool salt is made from saturated brine, 

 by artificial heat. Thirty million bushels are made an- 

 nually, which, at the works, can be sold for five cents a 

 bushel, and yield the manufacturer a fair profit. 



The Turk's Island, St. Ube's, and most other varieties of 

 coarse packing salt, are made from sea-water by the heat 

 of the sun. This is of course most rapidly made in hot 

 countries ; but in the vicinity of Marseilles, in France, 

 which is the most northerly point of which I have informa- 

 tion, where it is made from the waters of the Mediterrar 

 nean, 10,500,000 bushels were made in 1851, which, at 

 nine cents a bushel, paid a fair profit. It is sometimes 

 sold as low as five or six cents a bushel. 



The brine of Onondaga is obtained from wells, and is 

 principally evaporated by artificial heat. Six million 

 bushels of salt are annually made from this brine. It sells 

 at the works for from twelve to twenty cents a bushel. 

 Salt is also made from the same brine by solar heat, and is 

 sold at nearly the same prices. 



The Kanawha brines are also obtained from wells, and 

 the salt is made by artificial heat. Three million bushels 

 are made annually. The price at the works is about 

 sixteen cents a bushel. 



