ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCERS 113 



growers and also have some provision like the following, 

 from the Articles of Incorporation of the La Verne Orange 

 Growers' Association: 



It is fully understood and agreed between the members 

 of this Corporation that it it is not an incorporation for 

 profit, . . . and it is well understood and agreed between 

 all the parties signing these Articles of Incorporation that 

 this is purely a cooperative association. 



The tendency within the association is clearly toward 

 more centralized control and toward constantly enlarging 

 the powers of the directors and manager. As the efficiency 

 of the associations is enhanced by this policy of centraliza- 

 tion it is to be commended in so far as an autocracy or an 

 oligarchy is not created. Abuse of power is prevented by 

 the initiative, the referendum, the recall, and the recall of 

 judicial decisions, and this popular government is kept 

 virile and effective by keeping the associations from be- 

 coming unduly large. In short, popular control and effi- 

 ciency seem to be reconciled to a marked degree in these 

 cooperative societies. 



