134 THE BOOK OP THE ROSE ch. vii. 



that this want of balance between the head and the 

 roots accounts for the remarkable growth of the 

 second season. The tap-roots should be boldly 

 shortened, as it is our object to encourage com- 

 paratively shallow roots as much as possible. There 

 will still be a tendency to root deep, and, when Eose 

 plants on the seedling briar are moved, roots with a 

 downward inclination should be suppressed and any 

 horizontal ones encouraged. In planting out briar 

 seedlings for budding, the " collar," or place where 

 root ends and stem begins, should be open upon the 

 surface of the ground, not beneath it, for the rose is 

 budded in this case upon the main root below the 

 collar. 



