186 THE BOOK OF THE ROSE chap. 



farmyard manure. It would be almost impossible 

 to stamp out tbe fungus, as it is much more frequent 

 than mildew on the wild briar. The Dog-Eose in 

 fact seems to be its natural host, though it is some- 

 times found on other plants. Manetti stocks them- 

 selves are rarely troubled with it, though it often 

 comes first on the Eoses budded on it, but seedling 

 briars often suffer much and are seriously crippled 

 by its attacks. 



I can suggest no other remedies than finger and 

 thumb or cutting off and burning in the early 

 stages, and diligent hoeing, with watering if 

 necessary, in early August. Exhibitors, whose 

 season is over by mid-July, are rather apt to 

 neglect the hoeing and general culture when the 

 important operation of budding is in full swing. 

 As no real remedy is known for the red rust, 

 and little if any practical damage is done by it 

 to the blooms, it is not to be wondered at that 

 it is often unheeded as a minor and necessary 

 evil. 



It seems best to speak here of Suckers, which are 

 a pest at all times, especially in the growing season, 

 when we are on the look-out for enemies. They 

 are most common from standards, especially tall 

 ones which are insecurely staked these latter, when 

 pressed by the winds, naturally throw out suckers 

 to support themselves — a shoot goes out from the 

 underground stem for a foot or so, then grows up 

 and in due course sends a little root down, which 

 forms an anchor for the original stem — two or three 

 more on the opposite sides, and the plant is held 

 firm and cannot be rocked by the wind. 



The wild stock will, however, often form suckers 



