408 CATTLE AND DAIRY FARMING. 



The prices in Switzerland remain also high. In the valley of Simmen 

 the demand exceeds the supply. In Bavaria the trade is likewise lively. 

 The Voigtland, red-breed cattle, are in good demand, especially for 

 labor. 



Since the natural fertility of the lands of Germany has long become 

 more or less exhausted, the question of manure must be viewed as of 

 the greatest importance, and the state of cattle-breeding may be ac- 

 cepted as a good scale by which the prosperity of the agriculture in the 

 country is to be estimated. In those parts of the country where there 

 is much cattle-breeding the highest standard of agriculture exists. 



WM. D. WAMBE, 



Commercial Agent. 



United States Commercial AaENCT, 



Dusseldorf, November 3, 1883. 



CATTLE IN PRUSSIA. 



BEFOBT BY OONSVL-GENEBAL BBEWJSB, OF BEBLIN. 

 STATISTICS KELATING TO CATTLE IN GERMANY. 



In compliance with circular instruction of July 18, 1883, 1 have now 

 the honor to submit a report respecting cattle in Prussia. 



It has not been possible for me to obtain official information relating 

 to all the points mentioned in the circular, and it was only with the 

 greatest difficulty that the tables inclosed were obtained from private 

 sources. A great deal of literature on the subject-matter is extant in 

 Germany, and every point respecting breeding, treatment, and the 

 physiology of the various breeds has been thoroughly discussed by men 

 who have made the subject a special study for years, and whose opin- 

 ions are entitled to respect. The result of their researches and inves- 

 tigations, as given to the world respecting cattle and cattle-raising, is of 

 the greatest value. 



CATTLE CENSUS OP GERMANY. 



According to the census of 1883, the increase in the number of cattle 

 since 1873 has been 15 per cent, in many provinces, and as much as 40 

 per cent, in others. 



The greatest number of breeding bulls is found in Mecklenburg, 

 Western Prussia, and the Duchy of Brunswick. About 50 per cent, of 

 the cattle in Germany is in the Kingdom of Prussia, where, in 1873, there 

 were 8,639,514 head, and in 1883, 8,735,559 head. 



CATTLE IN EASTERN FRISIA.* 



The cows of Eastern Frisia are especially remarkable for the abun- 

 dance of milk which they yield. These cattle in form and build are 

 heavier even than the Dutch cattle and stronger in the bone. A great 

 many of them are sent to Mecklenburg and Pomerania, where, with ordi- 

 nary good treatment, great results are obtained. Pasturage in Frisia 

 IS good and plentiful , as the majority of breeders devote nearly the 



*Th6 report of Consul Wilson, of Bremen, deals at length with Frisian cattle. 



