GERMANY. 



411 



The following two statements regarding the cattle of Schleswig- 

 Holstein will prove interesting : 



Cattle in Schlesioig, Comprising Angeln and Tondern. 



Soil and iempei'ature : Similar to Holstein, and an extensive growth of hazelnut 

 and blackthorn affords protection to the cattle against high winds. 



Average yield of milk : 2,200 to 3,000 quarts milk; very rich and fat; about 10 

 quarts to 1 pound of butter. 



Feeding and housing : Calves intended for rearing are tied up from December to 

 April; from ten days to two weeks they receive mother's milk, after this sweet 

 skimmed milk, of which from 8 to 10 quarts are given. From May until October the 

 cows are pastured, but housed during the cold nights. 



Holstein cattle. 



Description. 



Length. 



Height— 



At withers. At mmp. 



Live 

 weight. 



Steer, twenty months old 



Steer, three years old 



Cows, three years old 



Meters. 

 2,51 

 2.88 

 2.85 



Meters. 



1.48 

 1.48 

 1.41 



Meters. 

 1.44 

 1.48 

 1.46 



Pounds. 

 1,220 

 1,790 

 1,380 



Remarks : In the report, the cattle of both Schleswig and Holstein have been grouped 

 under one heading, but in the statistics it has been found necessary to make a divis- 

 ion of the two provinces, the basis of the former being the Wilstermarsh cattle, that 

 of the latter the Angeln and Tondern cattle. 



Average yield of milk : 2,600 to 3,500 qnarts. Average annual income per cow from 

 butter, cheese, &c., |70, 



Feeding : Calves receive mother's milk two weeks only ; in three months they are 

 sent to pasture. Winter feed consists of cut straw, with beets and hay and 3 or 4 

 poands of oats. 



CATTLE OP DUTCH DESCENT. 



The marshy tracts of land situated at the mouth of the Weichsel and 

 Nogat are among the most fertile river lands on the Baltic coast. They 

 form a great delta-shaped plain which extends from Thorn to Dantzic. 



In the thiiteeneh century Dutch colonists brought cattle to this place, 

 from which the breed now reared there sprung. It is, however, by no 

 means equal to the Dutch breed, either in the yield for the dairy or for 

 fattening. 



In color great variety is found, ranging from a grayish-red to a 

 spotted blact. In cultivating the breed no regard has been paid to 

 anything but producing the largest possible quantity of milk, which is 

 rather watery and obtained at the cost of the strength of the animals. 



The yield of milk is estimated at from 15 to 20 qnarts a day during 

 the first few months after calving, and an annual yield of from 2^500 

 to 3,000 quarts. 



