GEKMANY. 



443 



Pfalz. Voigtland is a well cultivated highland, with an average eleva,- 

 tion of 1,300 feet, and an annual mean temperature of 48° Fahrenheit. 

 The annual rainfall is 29 inches, and the time between the first and 

 last snowfall of the year is about one hundred andv fifty days. 



ORIGIN OP THE BREED. 



In the early part of the present century Zillerthal (Tyrol) cattle were 

 brought into Voigtland, and the origin of the present breed of Voigt- 

 land cattle dates from the time of this cross. 



CHARACTERISTICS. 



The following are the distinguishing features of this race of cattle: 

 The body color is chestnut-brown, without marks ; the tuft of the tail 

 yellow, and udder bright red. Bright red is also the color of the mem- 

 brane of the eyelids, of the tongue, and of the month. The body is long 

 and well arched, the back broad, with full thighs, and the hide is thick 

 and soft. Average live weight, 750 to 850 pounds. Yearly milk pro- 

 duction, 375 to 400 gallons. The cattle of this race are very hardy and 

 are easily fattened, and are much sought after for beef. They are, 

 however, not of rapid growth. 



The measurements of a bull and seven cows of the Voigtland race 

 gave the following results : > 



Lines of measurement. 



Cows. 



Line lietween horns 



Narrow part of forehead 

 Broad part of forehead .. 



Cheek 



Length of head 



IjicheB. 

 6 



6i 



9 

 6i 

 17 



Plate 1 shows the head of a three-and-a-half-yearold bull ; Plate 2 

 the head of a four-year-old cow, with the following measurements: 



Lines of measurement. 



Bull. 



Cow. 



Line Tjetween horns 



Narrow part of forehead 

 Broad part of forehead .. 



Length of head 



Height of back ' 



Height of ramp 



Length of trunk 



Plate 3 shows a Voigtland cow exhibited at the Bremen cattle-show 

 of 1882. 



GEO. E. BULLOCK, 



JJniUd States (Jonswl, 

 AnnABBRG, Afril 30, 1884, 



