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CATTLE AND DAIRY FAEMING. 



CATTLE-BREEDING IN WURTEMBEEG. 



BEFOBT BY CONSUL OATLIN, OF STUTTGART. 



CATTLE CENStrS OF WUKTEMBEBG. 



A cattle census made throughout the Kingdoni of Wurtemberg, on 

 the lOth day of January last, showed that there were in the Kingdom 

 on that day 904,139 head of cattle, valued at 169,425,318 marks (about 

 $40,000,000), and weighing in the aggregate 534,212,296 pounds. They 

 were subdivided in age and sex as follows : 



Description, 



Number. 



Weight. 



Value. 



Calves under 6 weeks 



Calves 6 weeks to 6 montiis 



From 6 months to 2 years 



Bulls and oxen, 2 years and over 

 Cows 



Total 



34, 185 

 98, 200 



211, 262 

 *100, 755 



459, 737 



Kiloa. 



1, 580, SOS 



8, 213. 422 



42, 412, on 



47, 584, 915 



167, 315, 293 



Maries. 



1, 049, 069 



6, 040, 615 



27, 399, 161 



29, 5.32, 783 



105,403,690 



904, 139 



267, 106, 148 



169, 425, 318 



* Including 7,524 breeding bulls. 



The population of the Kingdom (see census of 1880) was 1,971,118 ; 

 its area is 7,675 square miles. There is, therefore, one head of cattle to 

 every 2.18 of population, and 117.8 head of cattle to ever.y square mile 

 of area. 



There are to be found in the Kingdom, in all, five principal breeds: 

 the Simmenthaler, Montafoner, Allgauer, Limburger, and Neckarschlag; 

 the two first of which are imported, the others native stock. 



THE SIMMENTHALER BREED. 



As early as the middle of the last century the importation of Simmen- 

 thaler cattle from Switzerland into Wurtemberg began, though at first 

 in small numbers. This breed derives its name from the valley of the 

 Simme, from which locality it seems originally to have sprung, though 

 most of those at present purchased come from the Canton Glarus, and 

 some from the vicinity of Berne. Dr. Von Eueff, director of the Royal 

 Veterinary School in this city, in his work on " Die Eacen des Eindes," 

 thinks that many indications point to this breed as the future one for 

 Germany, and this opinion gains all the more weight from the fact that 

 the Simmenthaler race, better than any other, fulfills all three of the 

 conditions (breeding, milk, and labor) requisite to good cattle. Many 

 Wurtemberg agricultural associations, including those at Stuttgart, 

 Ludwigsburg, Heilbronn, Urach, Munsingen, Kirchheim, Nurtiugen, 

 Eottweil, Balingen, Marbach, Warblingen, Varhingen, Eottenburg, and 

 Tubingen, use the Simmenthaler breed for the improvement of their 

 stock. 



Weight aw^/oo^.— According to a statement made by Professor Rao, 

 of Hohenheim, and covering the period from 1838 to 1856, the Simmen- 

 thaler cattle at that place had an average weight (on the hoof) of 1,306 

 pounds, and an average yearly yield of 2,570 kilos of milk to a daily 

 average consumption equivalent to 37 pounds of hay. According to a 

 previous reckoning made »t the same place the average weight of the 



