450 CATTLE AND DAIRY FARMING. 



Answer. The stock of cattle increases, but that of sheep decreases, as will be seem 

 by the foUowing statement : 



Question. Is the stock of the country sufficient for home demand, and if there is a 

 surplus, what becomes of it T 



Answer. In proportion to area and population, Wurtemberg is the largest cattle- 

 growing section of Germany. The ratio for all Germany is 29.2 cattle to every square- 

 kilometer and 35 cattle to every 100 inhabitants, whereas in Wurtemberg it is 48.5 to 

 every square kilometer and 47 to every 100 inhabitants. The surplus is exported 

 principally to France (as beef), to Bavaria, and to North Germany (for breeding and 

 draft purposes). The export from Upper Suabia and the Black Forest generally 

 goes to Switzerland. Importations, and those only for breeding purposes, are made- 

 principally from Switzerland, and very few fi-om Holland. 



Question. Which section of Wurtemberg is most favorable for grazing and cattle- 

 breeding ! 



Answer. Strictly speaking a regular system of pasturage is only found in the Allgaus 

 region (counties of Wangen and Leutkirch), bat the conditions niecessary to cattle- 

 breeding are everywhere favorable. The places at which the breeding of Simmen- 

 thalers and breeds crossed from them is conducted most systematically and carefully 

 are Eottweil, the Folders, Hohenheim, and in the vicinity of Heilbronn. 



Question. What proportion of the population is engaged in cattle-raising and agri- 

 coltoral pursuits? 



Answer. About 48.2 per cent, of the population are employed in such pursuits, in- 

 cluding cattle-breeding and the dairy business. 



STABLING, FEEDING, AND BREEDING. 



Stabling. — The stables in use are generally strongly built ones, in 

 which the cattle are tied to the fodder trough. Stalls in which the 

 cattle can walk about are seldom used, and then only for younger ani- 

 mals. Dung is removed daily. 



Feeding. — Calves up to twelve or fourteen weeks are fed on milk. But 

 little prepared and much cut fodder is given. In summer in the stall 

 green fodder is given. Pasturage is found only in the AUgau region. 



Breeding. — In the main carefully conducted. Stock is renewed by the 

 purchase of foreign bulls. Bulls are ofBciaUy inspected. About 20 

 thoroughbred bulls are annually sold from Hohenheim. 



BULL-KEEPING AT KIECHHEIM UNDER TECK. 



In the course of my inquiries on the subject, I have had occasion, upon 

 the courteous invitation of Oberamtmann Loeflund, president of the 

 Agricultural District Association at Kirchheim under Teck, to visit that 

 town, the center of a fertile and prosperous grazing district, distant 

 about two hours from Stuttgart, and to inspect the system of bull-keep- 

 ing as conducted there for years past. The result may be summarized 

 as follows : 



