GERMANY. 



485 



Main, are subject to wcatber cLanges, and especially to fogs, while that 

 part of the flat laud lying between the Ehine and Odenwald, which is 

 without forests, suffers in summer at times from dryness, because the 

 storms and clouds upon passing the Ehine hasten to the Odenwald. The 

 Odenwald, with slight exceptions, possesses a very fine mountain cli- 

 mate that is mild. The climate of Upper Hesse is much rawer than 

 that of Starkenburg, and more like the climate orf Northern Germany. 

 Ehine-Hesse, hilly, poorly watered, and almost forestless, is a warm 

 vineland, whose soil and air become very warm at midday during the 

 summer months and quickly cool at eventide, so that in the spring time 

 frosts at night are often productive of much damage to vegetation. 

 The average temperature, fall of rain, &c., of Hesse- IDarmstadt, taken 

 from the observations of fourteen years, from 186C to 1879, inclusive, 

 at Darmstadt, Starkenburg, Mayence, Ehine-Hesse, and Giessen, Upper 

 Hesse, are : 



Average temperature. '■ 



Average fall of rain. 



CATTLE IN THE BUGHY. 



Hesse-Darmstadt is adapted to the raising of cattle, but, in the trans- 

 lated language of the general-secretary of the Duchy, " the breeding of 

 cattle in Hesse is an old, but alas, in no wise a very satisfactory story." 

 The natural types of the cattle of the Odenwald* and Vogelsberg,* as 

 well as those of the Donnersbergr,* were of such a character that they 



* Mountains in Hease. 



