DOMINION OF CANADA. 551 



pasture and in good beart iu the stall without grain. They have also been particula,rly 

 good mothers, nursing their calves in a manner superior to anything in our experience. 

 The Devon calf is always a full calf on its milk alone — rolling in fat, and with all the 

 build of an old animal. The particular character of Iho breed and rich milk give 

 these results. After weaning and all up to heiferhood breeding, there is a distinct 

 heartiness aud vigor, on the small scale as regards size ; there is no stunting according 

 to their kind, but one has to know the kind in order to appreciate the ditloreuce be- 

 tween them and the larger beefers. We have never got much milk from a Devon, but 

 iu quality it is second only to the Jersey. The bull attains a greater size and weight 

 liroportionally to the cow than the same thing in most other breeds. * » * The 

 Devon cow, therefore, is a milker in quality and moderate quantity, while the bull 

 gives a frame to the steer that compares well with othcis for beef carrying. But the 

 steer will not mature so early as the Shorthorn, Aberdcerr Poll, and Hereford, nor even 

 attain the same weight on an average. 



The Devons number in the iirovince about forty cows and twenty 

 bulls. 



THE CANADIAN BLACK POLLS. 



The Aberdeen or Poll Angus is the same animal. The Galloway is 

 now regarded as a distinct breed, but I am told by a large importer and 

 a gentleman who has dealt in these cattle for many years that forty 

 years ago they were all considered as one race of cattle, but that the 

 respective breeders,, living at the extremes of Scotland, after awhile 

 naturally separated the cattle in their classification, and the one race 

 became two ; each one with a herd-book of its own. They are all, how- 

 ever, hornless, all black, and all Scotch. The Aberdeens are larger and 

 finer — more like the Shorthorns — indeed it is not improbable that the 

 original race has somewhere a Shorthorn cross. They are immense 

 mountains of flesh and not without an odd beauty. The Galloways 

 are coarser haired, smaller, and said to be hardier. The gentleman to 

 whom I just referred told me that he imported some Galloways a's many 

 as twenty-five years ago, but that there was no demand for them and 

 they gradually disappeared. Eecently, however, they have commenced 

 to tie called for, and there is now quite a demand for them. This month 

 he sent forty-seven head of Galloways from this city to Illinois, at an 

 average price of $300. He brought them from Scotland in September. 

 Of the Aberdeen Polls, Professor Brown says : 



We hold the honor of having Introduced this breed to Canada. * * » Our ex- 

 perience thus far is somewhat irregular : Health and breeding have been very good ; 

 milking sure, iu moderate quantity and rich, with plenty of flesh, both in stall and 

 on pasture, yet we have to record an indefinite sort of instability difficult to explain— 

 I speak now of the first imported animals and their progeny, not of 1881 purchases. 

 The instability in question has reference to a coming and going of health, especially 

 in summer, as indicated by change of coat aud general "staring" of the whole animal, 

 as if going through a course of mediciu'e. Individual animals of any class often do 

 so, as everybody knows, but not a whole herd of one kind. There has been no sick- 

 ness actually. "We have on hand four very fine steers— the first cross of an Aberdeen 

 Poll with Shorthorn grade cows— with which wo trust to convince the province ere 

 long as to the eminent beefing properties of the Black Diamonds of the north ol Soot- 

 land. 



OHTABIO JEESEYS. 



There are two celebrated herds of Jerseys in this province, and sev- 

 eral smaller ones. Mr. Fuller's herd has been made famous by the rec- 

 ord of his Mary Anne of St. Lambert, that made 27 pounds 9^ ounces of 

 butter in seven days, and as a result the Stoke Pogis blood is in great 

 favor. At one time the same danger threatened Jersey breeding that 

 has been referred to in speaking of the Shorthorns, viz : Family fashion 



