658 



CATTLE AND DAIRV PARMlKG. 



bases of the soils. In the eastern part, say east and north of a line 

 drawn from Kingston to CoUingwood, the average depth of alluvium 

 does not exceed a few feet, and is generally of Laurentian or Huronian 

 origin. The middle section partakes of the nature of both the others. 



The pastures are generally rich, and the country abounds in lakes and 

 streams. 



J. F. HAZELTON, 



Consul. 

 United States Consulate, 



Hamilton, January 10, 1S84. 



Special ataliatica concerning cattle in Eastern Ontario, 



Name of breed. 



Ayrshire 



Aberdeen Poll 



Devon .: 



Durham 



Galloway 



Hereford 



Ilolstein 



Jersey 



Anuual av- 

 erage yield 

 ofmllk. 



Vounds. 

 G,UOO 

 •0,000 

 5,500 

 5,500 

 «,000 

 G,000 

 G,600 

 6,500 



kilk to 

 pound of 

 hatter. 



Pounds. 

 23 

 24 

 'li 

 22 

 24 

 2« 

 20 

 20 



Milk to 

 pound of 

 cheese. 



Poanda. 

 10 

 10 

 10 

 10 

 10§ 



11 



12 

 10 



Live weight, average. 



Cow. Bull. 



Lbi. 

 800 

 900 

 900 



1.000 

 930 



1,000 

 950 

 HOO 



Lbs. 



1, 200 



1,500 



1,500 



1,800 



1,500 



1,600 



1,500 



1,200 



Ox. 



Lbs. 

 1,400 

 1,600 

 1,600 

 1,800 

 1,600 

 1,800 

 1,600 

 1,400 



Age at 

 maturity, 



Weight of 



meat at 



maturity. 



Years. 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 3 



Pounds. 

 750 

 900 

 900 

 1,000 

 900 

 050 

 800 

 700 



Name of breed. 



Color, &c. 



How long 

 bred 

 pure. 



Origin of 

 breed. 



Ayrshire 



Aberdeen Poll 



Devon 



Durham 



Gallowav 



Hereford 



Holstein 



Jersey 



Spotted, red and white ; fine sharp head ; heavy behind ; 

 long boms. 



Black; no horns; heavy .'.■ 



Brown; long bodies; well shaped 



Bark brown ; short horns ; heavy quarters 



Black; no horns; ungainly 



Eed with white face ; short leg.s ; long bodies 



Spotted, black and white ; horned; large 



Gray; small limbed; smooth 



Tears. 

 20 



10 

 20 

 25 

 10 

 20 



IS 



Scotland. 



Do. 

 Eneland. 



Do! 



Do. 

 Holland. 

 Jersey. 



Topography : Altitude, 250 feet above the level of the sea. Mean temperature, 45.42° ; 

 summer, 57.66°; winter, 33.17". Soil: A few feet of alluvial in Eastern Ontario, 

 great depth in Western Ontario, and middle section an average; loam, clay, sand, &c., 

 to some extent ; all three in Eastern Ontario, according to location. Substratum : 

 Limestone, large quantity; sandstone to some extent; granite, very little; clay and 

 gravel, large quantities. 



Cultivated grasses : Timothy and clover are among the principal crops : rye-grass 

 not abundant. 



Housing, feeding, ^e. : The cattle are housed in good barns with sheds attached, 

 most of them tied up in winter at night; others in stalls and boxes, depending on 

 kind and value of auimal. Good mixed hay, a few roots, and a small quantity of 

 chopped oats, corn, peas, or barley in winter constitute the feed. For breeding the 

 male and female of good constitution and qualities are used. The product is sold 

 generally to farmers and breeders to improve their stock. 



JERSEYS IMPROVED BY IMPORT. 



Mr. Valancey E. Fuller to Consul Hazelton. 



Hamilton, Ont., December 17, 1883. 

 DkaK Sir : As you are aware tbe character of the soil in and around Hamilton is 

 from a light sandy, gravelly soil to a stiff clay, and this part of Ontario is underlaid 

 by limestone. 



