SUPPLEMENT. 695 



charge of by the purchasers immediately upon arrival, quarantine of course not heing 

 forgotten. 



The Cunard Company (Limited), of Liverpool, furnish the following particulars: Ship- 

 pers of British cattle to America should be careful to select the largest type of vessel, 

 with high 'tween decks and good speed. The animals should be berthed on the main 

 deck, under a spar-deck (never exposed to the weather), where there is a certainty of ven- 

 tilation. The owner's own servants take the care and management on the voyage and 

 providing the food. The ship finds fittings and water. The cost of the freight will de- 

 pend upon the season of the year, as, according to the British passenger acts, the number 

 of steerage passengers in the vessel is limited by the number of cattle carried. Up to 

 March and alter July freight can be obtained at a cost of from £8 8s. to £12 12s. per 

 head, according to the number. Shipment is generally effected by the animals walking 

 on board (which is a great advantage over being slung), and the discharge in the same 

 way. The trade is greatly hampered by the enforcement of quarantine by the Ameri- 

 can Government on healthy and unhealthy animals alike. ' 



Messrs. George Warren & Co., of Alexandra Buildings, James street, Liverpool, state: 

 The freight on horned cattle from Liverpool to Boston ranges from £3 to £5 per head, 

 according to the number shipped. For single beast of high value £10 10s. has been paid, 

 the shipper taking all risks of the voyage. The fittings, tbod, and attendance are found 

 by the shipper, and therefore we cannot give you any iuiforraation on this point, but we 

 would refer you to M. Sherlock, esq., Canning Place, Liverpool, who has frequently 

 shipped sheep, cattle, and horses. 



Mr. Sherlock has furnished the following information: I have thought it best to 

 give a memorandum showing the expenses incurred on shipment of two horses in 

 May, 1885. I have discarded odd money, but have given sufficient in order to enable one 

 to gather some information. I have been shipping cattle, horses, cows, and sheep for 

 over twenty years. I shipped three or four herds of Guernseys, some valuable horses, 

 and two lots of sheep lately; and with my experience, therefore, I am in a position to 

 give considerable information. • My greatest feat was the purchase and shipment of 

 sheep in 1883, assisted by a retired farmer. We selected thirty-seven rams of six different 

 breeds, and shipped them. This year, 1884, we purchased ninety-nine ewes for the same 

 parties, viz, " the Massachusetts Association for Promoting Agriculture, " and they were 

 so pleased with what we had done that they sent me a very handsome present. 



The insurance against the total loss of thesfceamer is trifling — same rate as on ordinary 

 goods — but against accident, either in shipping, on board, or on landing, it runs very 

 high, sometimes as high as 10 or 15 guineas per cent. We have always victualed for 

 twenty-five or twenty-eight days, according to the season of the year. Such may seem 

 absurd, but it is on the safe side. Cattle steamers coming to Europe have nearly always 

 something on board upon which they can fall back, such as grain, Indian corn, flour, &c., 

 but outwards there is nothing of the kind. 



Again, as to the man in charge of the aniinals, we have two or three first-class men, 

 men who are constantly crossing with cattle, and they frequently call in to know if we 

 have anything going. These men, being good sailors, do not suffer from sea-sickness, 

 and consequenty can always be at their post. Five pounds is the general payment. I 

 find wedisbursed nearly £700 for the last lot of sheep — ewes. I have only lost one horse — 

 a large, heavy stallion — which, however, was no fault of mine, as he was of a fretful tem- 

 perament, and very shortly after a gale of wind sprung up he died. The following js the 

 memorandum above referred to: 



Expenses of the shipment of tico horses in May, 1883. 



£ s. 



Freight out, £10 10s. each 21 



Groom's passage 4 



Victuals for twenty-five days: 732 pounds hay, 168 pounds straw, 2 sacks saw- 

 dust, and sacks 4 



300 pounds crushed oats, 260 pounds bran, 10 pounds linseed, sacks &c 3 



Cabbage, carrots, and turnips, or roots 10 



Ironmongery: Fork, bucket, scraper, basket, comb and brush, &c 15 



Stalls, very strong, padded, with mangers, &c 5 5 



Slings, extra strong 2 10 



Leather halters and ropes 10 



Incidental expenses: Livery stables, groom's board and lodging, men leading to 

 stables, and next day to steamer (4 miles), cartage, porterage, provender to the 



dock, men at steamer assisting in shipping, &c 3 10 



Consular invoices (breeding purposes), 5s., say; consularfee, 158 1 



Entry at customs, dues, bills of lading, and insurance (against total loss of ship 



only, and not against accident) 1 



Agency: Attendances, fixing steamer, and freight at dock, and stalls, superintend- 

 ing shipment, early or late, from £3 3s. to 4 4 



