FORM OF CITATION 



The form of citation employed in the footnotes uses (i) an ItaUc Roman 

 numeral (followed by a comma) for the series number, (2) a black-face Arabic 

 numeral (followed by a colon) for the volume number, (3) a superscript 

 numeral for a subdivision of the volume, (4) Arabic numerals, in ordinary 

 type, for the first and last page of the article cited (separated by a dash, and the 

 second number followed by a period), and (5) an ordinary Arabic numeral for 

 the year of publication (followed by a period). Where several pairs of page 

 numbers are given, as when an article is continued through several issues of the 

 serial, these pairs are separated by commas. Where there is no volume number 

 the volume has to be designated by its year number, and this is given in the place 

 that would be occupied by the volume number, and in black-face type. Some- 

 times this year number, for which the volume stands, is not the same as the 

 year of pubUcation. In cases where a volume extends into more than one year, 

 the year of pubhcation of the volume frequentlyigives place to two year numbers 

 (separated by a dash). When adequate information was available a single 

 year number is given in the cases just mentioned, referring to the year of pub- 

 lication of the article cited rather than to the two or more years of the volume 

 as a whole. 



Author's names are given in black-face t)^e, the surname preceding the 

 initials or given name. Idem (black-face type) denotes a repetition of the 

 author's name, or of the authors' names, next preceding. Ibid. (Italics) de- 

 notes a repetition of the name of the serial next preceding. 



The rather customary promiscuous scattering of capital letters through 

 citations has been avoided; words or their abbreviations begin with capital 

 letters only (i) when they are considered as beginning a sentence, (2) when they 

 are proper names, (3) when they begin the proper name of a serial (as, Bot. gaz., 

 Plant world), (4) when they are important words in the proper name of a society 

 institution, etc. (as, Roy. Sac. London, Missouri Bot. Gard.), or (5) when they 

 are German nouns (compare Ann. bot., Compt. rend, Bot. Zeitsch., Jahrb. wiss. 

 Bot.). The abbreviations employed for the names of serials appearing in the 

 citations are, it is hoped, self-explanatory. 



When a citation appears more than once, it is given in full only in the first 

 instance, and later occurrences include simply the author's name, the year, and 

 (in brackets) a reference to the page of this book where the full citation may be 

 found. 



