274 ARAUCAKINEAE [CH. 



after Heer's specific name and the cylindrical cones being distin- 

 guisked as var. Brandtiana, but it is doubtful whether the retention 

 of these varietal names is advisable. The cone-scales have pointed 

 apices and agree closely with those of E. Williamsonis. On a 

 specimen of a cone of this species from Kimeridge strata in 

 Scotland^ one scale afforded evidence of the occurrence of a single 

 seed as in Araucaria. Nathorst regards some smaller cones on a 

 branch from Spitzbergen as microstrobili and suggests that longi- 

 tudinal striae on the sporophylls may represent long microspor- 

 angia like those of Araucaria ; but the preservation is too imperfect 

 to demonstrate the nature of the specimen. The vegetative 

 branches bear falcate leaves rather more slender and as a rule less 

 crowded than in E. Williamsonis : on older branches from which 

 the free part of the lamina has fallen there are leaf -bases or in some 

 cases an oval leaf-scar. This type is characteristic of Wealden 

 strata in Spitzbergen, North Germany, and other European 

 localities ; it is no doubt represented by some of the impressions 

 of branches assigned to Sphenolepidium Sternbergianuni^ ; it is 

 also recorded from Kimeridgian strata in the North of Scotland. 



PAGIOPHYLLUM. Heer. 



Heer' instituted this genus in place of Pachyphyllum, previously 

 adopted by Pomel* for a section of his genus Moreauia, on the 

 ground that the latter name had been applied to a member of the 

 Orchidaceae. Some of the species referred to Pagiophyllum have 

 also been included in Araucarites and Brachyphyllum. Tuzson^ 

 instituted a new genus Pagiophyllites for petrified Mesozoic wood 

 having Araucarian features, the type-species being P. Icewperianus 

 (Goepp.), but no evidence is furnished in support of a connexion 

 of this wood with foliage-shoots of Pagiofhyllum. Schimper and 

 Saporta include in their diagnosis of the genus both vegetative 

 and reproductive shoots and consider Pagiofhyllum to be aUied 

 to Agathis, Cunninghamia, and Araucaria. Certain species have 

 in recent years been transferred to Elatides because of the occur- 

 rence of cones conforming to Heer's genus. 



It has been suggested^ that Pagiofhyllum may most conveni- 



1 Seward (IP) p. 684, fig. 10. ^ /j,;,;, (95) ^ p 205; (IP) p. 685. 



' Heer (81) p. 11. " Pomel (49) p. 352. 



^ Tuzson (00) p. 30. « Seward (12) p. 41. 



