STRUCTURE AND GROWTH. 29 



every cranny and nook that they can find. 

 Russulas are seen in open woods, rising out of 

 the earth, also the Lactarius, which seems to 

 lilce the shade of trees. The Cortinarius also 

 prefei^s their shelter. The Coprinus loves the 

 pastures and fields, near houses and barns, and 

 dwells in groups upon the lawns. The Hypho- 

 loma grows in clusters on the stumps of trees. 

 Marasmius is found among dead twigs and 

 leaves. The white Amanitas flourish in woods 

 and open ground. There are some, like Pleu- 

 rotus, that grow in trunks of trees, and make 

 their way through openings in the bark. Every 

 dead tree or branch in the forest is crowded 

 with all species of Polyporus, while carpets, 

 damp cellars, plaster walls and sawdust are 

 favorite abodes of many fungi. 



STEUCTUEE AND GEOWTH. 



Mushrooms consist wholly of cells. These 

 cells do not contain either starch or the green 

 coloring-matter, called chlorophyll, which ex- 

 ists in other plants. They are either parasites or 

 scavengers, and sometimes both. The food of 

 fungi must form a part of some animal or plant. 

 When they commence to grow it is by the di- 



