65. The red oak is taken as an illustration of the black 

 oak group. Of the others belonging to this group the Span- 

 ish, scarlet, yellow, water, and willow oaks may be mention- 

 ed. The black oaks have dark bark, bristle points on the 

 lobes of their leaves, and take two years to mature their 

 acorns. For use about the farm the black oaks are inferior 

 to the white oaks. 



66. Red mulberry, MoRUS rubra.— The leaves are 

 ovate, pointed at the apex and heart shaped at the base, 

 coarsely serrate, 3 to 5 inches long and 2 and a half to 4 

 inches broad, dark green above and lighter green on the un- 

 der surface; sometimes lobed. The winter buds are ovate, 

 about a fourth of an inch long, with chestnut-brown scales. 

 The fruit when ripe is black, sweet, and juicy, and about 1 

 and a quarter inches long. When the bark is broken a milky 

 juice appears; and this with the peculiar smell of the broken 

 bark, aids in its identification. 



67. The wood weighs about 37 pounds to the cubic foot. 

 It is durable in contact with the ground, and is used for 

 fence posts. 



68. The red mulberry occurs scatterihgly on gsod soils 

 throughout the State. 



69. Tulip- tree, LiRiODENDRON TULIPIFERA.— The flow- 

 er resembles a tulip. The winter buds are about half an 

 inch long, with dark red, leathery coverings. The tendency 

 to form a clean, central shaft is stronger in this tree than in 

 many of the broadleaf trees. This aids in distinguishing it 

 in the woods; and it increases its value as a timber tree. 



70. The wood weighs about 26 pounds to the cubic foot. 

 The heart is light yellow, often tinged with green; the sap- 

 wood is creamy white. On exposure to the air the wood 



