It is connected with great difficulties to do systematic and anatomical work at the 

 same time during an expedition in a tropical country when the collecting and the 

 observation in the field has to be attended to in the first rank. The big game ani- 

 mals are also too bulky to allow the preservation of much anatomical material in 

 such localities where everything must be carried by natives for months. When a 

 big animal has been shot, perhaps several hours from the camp, it is often impos- 

 sible even to remove the viscera from the spot where the animal has fallen, I had 

 therefore as a rule to confine myself in such cases to a short examination of the 

 morphological anatomy and make a few notes about this. But such notes as well 

 must necessarily be incomplete when any dissection, or even handling of the viscera 

 without any accessories to facilitate the work is difficult, and the merciless rays of 

 the glaring eqiiatorial sun strike the operator who usually has walked many hours 

 or the greater part of the day before his endeavours have been crowned with success. 

 The following short notes are partly based on such observations in the field; 

 partly on preserved material which I was able to bring home. Although they of 

 necessity are fragmentary, I hope that they may not be without a certain interest 

 because they contribute to the knowledge of the morphology of some African mam- 

 mals which partly have not been studied in this respect before. 



I take the pleasure of dedicating these unpretending notes to the splendid in- 

 vestigator and anatomist Gustaf Retzius who has done so much for the promotion 

 of the anatomical science. 



Anatomical notes on Runninants. 



Buffelus caffer radcliffei Thomas. 



The cow of this species had 15 palatal ridges the 13 anterior of which were 

 crenulated. In the bull the (16 or) 14 ridges in front of the interspace between the 

 first premolars are crenulated, especially the 7 or 8 foremost. Behind these there are 

 3 more pair of ridges which are smooth and less sharply defined. The hindmost of 

 these is on a level with the last premolar (conf. PL 1, Fig. 1), 



