8 EINAR LONNBERG, ANATOMICAL NOTES ON EAST AFRICAN MAMMALS. 



A foetus of Kongoni or Coke's Hartebeest {Buhalis cokei) had 16 pairs of partly- 

 alternating palatal folds which were feebly crenxilated, and behind them faint traces 

 of two more were seen. The number of folds is thus smaller than in the Gnu/ but 

 greater than in the common Ox. 



On the anterior half of the tongue small papillce fungiformes are scattered among 

 the small scale-like papillce filiformes. On the posterior portion of the tongue the 

 papillce fungiformes are larger, but only found laterally among the conical papillce 

 filiformes, not in the central portion where the latter form broad warts. On either 

 side of the base of the tongue there is an irregular partly double row of about 8—9 

 papillce vallatoe. This number is quite small compared with that of the common Ox 

 but almost similar to that of the Gnu/ and several other Antelopes as mentioned 

 in this paper. 



Cephalophus harveyi kenise 



possessed about 14 palatal folds which were feebly crenulated. The hindmost was 

 situated on a level with the second premolar. 



The papillce vallatoe of the tongue were arranged in two irregular rows on either 

 side. Their number was 10 to 12 on either side, and they did not differ much from 

 the nearest large papillce fungiformes. 



The lohus caudatus of the liver was three-sided, and lohus Spigelii rounded. 



The gall-bladder was absent. Gareod stated already 1877 the absence of the 

 gall-bladder in two small members of this genus viz. Cephalophus maxwelli and C. 

 pygmoeus (= monticola). In the year 1903 the present author had the opportunity 

 of making a similar statement about C. melanorhceus and G. ogilhyi, and 1909 C. 

 natalensis was added. Now this species, and the following, viz, C. abyssinicus hindei 

 have been found to present the same characteristic, and it is thus probable that all 

 members of this genus in its broadest sense ^ (or at least all the small and medium- 

 sized species) are without gall-bladder. This is a rather remarkable fact, the more 

 so as a well developed gall-bladder is present in other small Antelopes as Neotragus, 

 Rhaphicerus etc. 



The colic spiral of this Ked Forest Duiker is rather simple, and all the coils 

 lie in the same plane. Two coils run in a centripetal direction, and one and a half 

 in a centrifugal direction. This condition is found to be more simple than in the 

 foetus which has half a coil more in each direction. These facts prove a simplifica- 

 tion of the colic spiral of this species during the ontogenetic development, which 

 indicates that a change in the diet has taken place, and that the ancestors of this 

 animal subsisted on coarser and less easily digested food. A similar condition, viz. 

 that the foetus has a more complicated colic spiral than the adult, has been stated 

 by the present author* in Cephalophus melanorhceus. 



1 Lonkbeeg: K. Vet. Akad. Handl. Bd. 35. N:o 3, p. 48. 



2 1. c. p. 50. 



' Thus »Guevei, Cephalophus and Sylvicapra» according to some authors. 

 * Nov. Act. Eeg. See. Sc. Uppsala 1903, p. 27. 



