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THE PARKS AND GARDENS OP PARIS. [Chap. X. 



ordinarily removed is limited, as only the more common kinds of trees are 

 subjected to the process, no one caring to run the risk of losing a rare and 

 valuable tree. In Paris, experiments made on various species have given the 

 following results : — 



" Success nearly always certain : Elms, Planes, white and red Horse-chestnuts, 

 Limes, Ailantus, Catalpa, Paulownia, Celtis, Planera, Sophora, and Willows. 



" Success uncertain, hut sometimes satisfactory : Poplars, Sycamores, Maples, 

 Alders, Mulberries, Beech, Ash, Magnolias, American Walnuts, Cercis, Diospyros. 



" Success very rare : Robinias, Crataegus, Hawthorns, and nearly all the Rosacea, 

 Birch, Laburnum, and many Leguminosas, Oaks (European and American), Pavias, 

 Elms, and Gleditschias." 



With respect to the value of this machine as compared with 

 any in use in England, there can be no doubt that the Paris 

 machine is the best. Trees are there removed daily without the 

 least difficulty or fuss, that, if removed in this country, would 

 probably be honoured with a notice in the local papers. The best 

 of our English machines must be taken to pieces for the removal 

 of every tree : the beams have to be taken off in order to bring 

 the wheels in position, then they have to be replaced in position, 

 as well as the lifting apparatus. Besides, the machines are un- 

 wieldy and awkward. The advantage of the French machine is, 

 that by removing the iron rod which connects the hind wheels 

 and the hind cross-beam, the machine is put to the tree without 

 trouble or awkwardness. The lifting power is by means of racks, 

 pinions, and levers. Lately whole boulevards of trees have been 

 moved when half-grown by the aid of these machines. A few 

 years ago only comparatively young trees were tried as a rule. 

 The new Boulevard Henri IV. was planted recently with Planes 

 almost as large as any long-established trees in Paris. 



