438 NATURE-STUDY 



weathering. Clay comes from these places. What are the 

 forces of weathering? Note the variety of colors in the 

 granite, showing its composite nature. Study mica, feldspar, 

 quartz. Make very simple, observational. Learn to rec- 

 ognize typical limestone, sandstone, and shale. (343, 324; 



332, 339-) 



Collect and observe different soils. Keep for later cultural 

 experiments. Visit a quarry. Note the layers of rock, 

 springs, fissures, fossils. What are fossils? (343, 324, 332, 

 339.) Collect pieces of rock and fossils. 



Begin a mineral collection. Put into it the rocks and 

 minerals studied above, also metals, and ores. 



Metals: Gold, silver, iron. Simple study of how they 

 occur. The ores: Very simple explanation of extraction or 

 reduction of ores. What are these metals used for? (343, 

 332, 339, 320.) Which would you rather do without ? Make 

 a list of all the things made of iron. Compare primitive man 

 with us in respect to the use of iron. (U.) 



Weather: Beauty of the seasons. Make a seasonal or 

 monthly record in color of the changes in a certain bit of 

 landscape. Make a book of it. Review atmospheric moist- 

 ure studied in Grade III. Develop idea of climate. (V, W.) 

 Make weather charts for several weeks in different seasons, 

 recording wind direction, daily temperature, cloud forms, 

 rain, snow, storms. Grandeur of storms. Uses of the wind, 

 snow, ice, rain. Simpler cloud forms. (X, V, 326, 327, 328, 



329-) 



Physics: Conduction of heat: Why are handles of 



teapots, stove-pokers, etc., hot? Illustrate experimentally 



conductors and nonconductors. Why do we have a wooden 



handle on a flat-iron? Why use holders of cloth for hot 



