A GRADED COURSE OF NATURE-STUDY 439 



things? Find more applications. Stoves, clothing, ice- 

 boxes, ice-houses. (251, 250, 257, etc.) 



Astronomy: (Y, 392, 398, 329, 400.) Simpler con- 

 stellations. Moon and its phases. Talks with illustrations 

 to show the relation of sun, earth, and moon. 



Physiology and Hygiene: List of staple foods. Why 

 we cook them. (S, Z, 303, 304.) Simple talk on what 

 happens to the food in the stomach. Hygiene of eating. 

 (Z, 368, etc.) Freshness of meat, fruits, etc., how preserved. 

 Clean kitchen, clean cellar. Why? (Z, 304, 209, 368, etc.) 



Milk as food. Purity. (Z, 209, 368.) 



Water: Sources, contamination, disease. Make very sim- 

 ple. (Z, 209, 368, 262.) 



Temperance: Begin to develop an attitude for it. (Z, 

 368, etc.) 



Autumn 

 Animals. 



Mammals : Obsen'e, identify, and study the small rodents ; 

 squirrels * (red and gray), chipmunks,* gophers * (striped 

 and pocket), muskrat, rabbit,* rats, and mice. Note habits, 

 food, homes, colors, fur, teeth, claws, tails, and make some 

 comparisons in structure especially of teeth — they all gnaw. 

 The harm from these animals or their uses should be dis- 

 cussed. Hunting and trapping stories.* (E, 15, 33, 34, 25, 

 17, 61 (Story of " Raggylug" ), 277, 433, 434-) 



Birds: The birds of prey: Hawks, great horned owl,* 

 barred owl,* screech owl, snowy owl, eagle. 



Observe hawks soaring, perhaps find owls in hollow trees 

 in vicinity. Refer to thieving of these birds. What else do 

 they feed on? With bird charts study the sharp shinned 

 hawk. Cooper's hawk, the marsh hawk, the red-shouldered 



