34 THE FAKM. 



forty feet. In that case it would be forty instead of four; but the side 

 shoots, or alternate bearing limbs, would still come out in the same 

 manner. The stem, or side limbs may, with the greatest ease, be made 

 to accommodate themselves to windows, or to any interruptions of 

 smoothness on the surface. If the side of the house or place be not 

 very high, not more than fifteen or twenty feet, the best way is to plant 

 the vine in the middle of your space, and, instead of training an upright 

 stem, take the two lowest shoots and lead them along, one from each 

 side of the plant, to become stems, to lie along within six inches or a 

 foot of the ground. These will, of course, send out shoots, which you 

 will train upright against the building, and which you will cut out 

 alternately, as directed in the other case. 



As to cultivation of the ground, the ground should not only be deeply 

 dug in the fall, but with a fork two or three times during the summer. 

 They plow between them in Languedoc, as we do between the Indian 

 corn. The ground should be manured every fall, with good, rich ma- 

 nure. Blood of any kind is excellent for vines. But, in a word, the til- 

 lage and manuring cannot be too good. 



Lime, potash, and phosphates are the mineral constituents mostly 

 required. Potash — wood-ashes — ^freely applied, is thought to improve 

 the quality of the wine produced. 



The American Pomological Society recommends but the three follow- 

 ing varieties of grapes for general cultivation, viz. : the Isabella, Cataw- 

 ba, and Diana. The Eebecca has also been found valuable, and worthy 

 of general cultivation. 



Dwarf FeaTS. — See Fruit Garden in a following part of this work. 



Raspberry, — Varieties : red Antwerp, orange, American red, Ameri- 

 can black, Fastolf, Franconia, Ohio everbearing. 



Its cultivation is simple. Give the plants rich, deep, sandy, loamy 

 soil, and they will send up an abundance of suckers every season, each 

 of which will form a plant and produce fruit the year following. 



In the autumn cut out all the old wood that produced fruit the past 

 summer, close to the ground ; tie up the new shoots to a stake or trel- 

 lis, about five feet high ; then cut off about a foot of the tops of the 

 shoots, and the work is done. 



To have a fine crop of late raspberries, cut down some of the canes 

 or stems, in the spring, to within a few inches of the ground. The 

 new shoots which will spring up will come into bearing in August or 

 September. 



The Strawberry. — This early and delicious fi:uit receives less attention 

 throughout the country than its importance demands ; yet it is gratify- 

 ing to find in this respect much improvement. 



Varieties : large early scarlet. Black Prince, Burr's new pine. Western 

 queen, Longworth's prolific, McAvoy's superior, Boston pine, Jenney's 

 seedling, prolific hautboys, rival Hudson, Hovey's seedling. 



Wilson's Albany is one of the most prolific of strawberries, bearing a 

 great abundance of fruit. The Genesee is a favorite market variety, 

 prolific and excellent. The Boston pine and rival Hudson are every 

 way fine varieties, and worthy of general cultivation. 



SoU and Culture, — ^A rich, deep loam, inclining to clay, is the best 



