STEAMERS 153 



distance, by her towering, white, super- 

 structural decks, with their clean-run symmetry 

 fore and aft. 



The ' Britisher ' is the predominant type in 

 Canadian waters. This is natural enough, 

 considering that the British Isles build nearly 

 all ' Britishers,' most ' Canadians,' and many 

 foreigners, and that the tonnage actually under 

 construction there in 19 13 exceeded the total 

 tonnage owned by any other country except 

 Germany and the United States, while it 

 greatly exceeded the total tonnage under con- 

 struction in all other countries of the world 

 put together, including Germany and the 

 United States. The British practice is natur- 

 ally the prevailing one both in shipbuilding 

 and marine engineering. But there is a general 

 conformity to certain leading ideas everywhere. 

 The engine is passing out of the stage in which 

 the fuel-made steam worked machinery, which, 

 in its turn, worked propellers ; and passing 

 into the stage in which the latent forces of the 

 fuel itself are brought to bear more directly on 

 propellers, that is to say, into the stage of 

 internal combustion engines and the turbine- 

 driven screw. The hull has changed more 

 and more in its proportions between length and 

 breadth since the supplanting of wood by steel. 



