OF VITAL PHENOMENA 141 



interpretations in an animal with a cerebrum, but Hamburger 

 (1912) observed that ameboid motion is increased by minute 

 doses of anesthetics. Johannsen (1906) observed that lilacs 

 sprout earlier after treatment with ether vapor. Further ex- 

 amples of the stimulating action of anesthetics are given by Carl- 

 son (1906), Vernon (1912), Tashiro and Adams (1914), Lee 

 (1903), and Lee and Salant (1902). The possibility is not ex- 

 cluded, therefore, of three concentrations of anesthetics pro- 

 ducing three kinds of responses: first, stimulation; second, 

 narcosis, and third, violent stimulation causing death if continued. 

 The following table (modified from Lillie, 1916 c) summarizes 

 the effect of anesthetics (alcohols) on various processes, giving 

 the effective mol concentration. 



Effect Methyl Ethyl Propyl Butyl i-Amyl 



Narcosis of tadpoles (Overton) 0.57 0.29 0.11 0.038 0.023 



Pihototroipism of Daphnia (Loeb) 0.6 0.2 0.07s 0.04 



Inhibition of sea urchin eggs (Fuhner) 0.72 0.41 0.136 0.045 



•Retardation of fish eggs (McClendon) 0.52 0.015 



Half rate of turtle ventricle (Vernon) 1.1 0.53 0.23 0.05 0.02 



Narcosis of Daphnia (Loeb) 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.12 0.04 



Inhibition of sea urchin eggs (Lillie) . . 0.87 0.27 0.086 0.037 



Narcosis of worm larvae (Lillie) 2.2 1.1 0.34 0.09 Q.03 



Depression of invertase (Meyerhof) . . . 3.0 1.3 0.5 0.27 0.21 

 Half oxidation in erythrocytes (War- 

 burg) 5.0 1.6 0.8 0.15 0.045 



Ppt. nucleoproteid (Batelli and Stern) 5.7 2.38 1.12 0.45 0.21 



Inhibition of ether-yeast (Warburg) . . 5.0 3.5 1.3 0.54 0.23 



Kills muscle oxidon (Batelli and Stern) 7.54 3.57 1.16 0.44 0.19 



Kills indop'henol oxidase (Vernon).... 12.0 6.4 3.1 0.61 



Reduce surface tension to 0.5 14.0 5.0 1.6 0.46 0.14 



