88 THE BOOK OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM 



features, such as the nature of the voice, habits, general colora- 

 tion and other structural characteristics that need not be detailed. 



As a result of these important features, there is no doubt that 

 Humped Cattle are specifically distinct from our own domestic 

 breeds, although the former are not known in a strictly wild state. 



The large drooping ears possessed by these animals are well 

 exhibited in Figs. 65 and 66, where it will be seen that the Hissar 

 Bull and the Guzerat Bull are worth examination in this respect. 

 The enormous dewlap which hangs in folds along the whole length 

 of the neck is also particularly characteristic of these Humped 

 Cattle, and is excellently shown in the case of the Guzerat Bull 

 in Fig. 66. 



As has been mentioned earlier in this chapter, the size of these 

 beasts varies from the large Hissar in Fig. 65, which is a tremend- 

 ous beast standing as high as a Buffalo, to the small Gynee Cattle 

 (Fig. 67), which are not much larger than a Newfoundland Dog. 

 The usual colour appears to be light ashy-grey, and this may be 

 found in various gradations and passes off into cream-colour, milk- 

 white, etc. It must not be assumed, however, that these tints are 

 inevitable, as red and brown are two more common colours, whilst 

 melanic varieties are sometimes met with. 



These Humped Cattle grunt rather than low like our own 

 beasts, and a further interesting comparison is that the former 

 rarely take advantage of the shade during the hot weather, as our 

 own cattle are so fond of doing, and, unlike them, the Indian kinds 

 do not evince any desire to stand knee-deep in water when the 

 scorching sun demands something cooling. 



Althgugh it has been mentioned that no Humped Cattle are 

 found in a perfectly wild condition, it is stated that "in certain 

 parts of India Humped Cattle have run wild; those found on the 

 sea coast near Nellore, in the Carnatic, have been in this state 

 for a long period, and Jerdon describes them as being extremely 

 shy and wild, their size being large and their horns long." 



The Galla Ox is the African representative of the Humped 

 Cattle, and in this beast the thickness of the horns is especially 

 noteworthy. It is also known as the Sunga, and it is worth 

 mentioning that "the forehead of the skull lacks the convexity 

 characteristic of the Indian Humped Cattle; and as the curvature 

 of the horns is somewhat similar. Professor Riitimeyer believes that 

 the Galla Ox is most nearly related to the Asiatic Banting. . . ." 



