DISEASES OF THE UDDER AND TEATS. 189 



oil, and the frequent drawing off of the milk, by the foal or with 

 the hand, will usually bring about a rapid improvement. When 

 active inflammation is present, fomentation with warm water may be 

 kept up for an hour and followed by the application of the cam- 

 phorated oil, to which has been added some carbonate of soda and 

 extract of belladonna. A dose of laxative medicine (4 drams Bar- 

 bados aloes) will be of service reducing fever, and one-half ounce 

 saltpeter daily will serve a similar end. In case the milk coagulates 

 in the udder and can not be withdrawn, or when the liquid becomes 

 fetid, a solution of 20 grains carbonate of soda and 10 drops carbolic ' 

 acid dissolved in an ounce of water should be injected into the teat. 

 In doing this it must be noted that the mare has three separate ducts 

 opening on the summit of each teat and each must be carefully in- 

 jected. To draw off the fetid product it may be needful to use a 

 small milking tube, or spring teat dilator designed by the writer. 

 (Plate VIII, figs. 2 and 3.) When pus forms and points externally 

 and can not find a free escape by the teat, the spot where it fluctu- 

 ates must be opened freely with the knife and the cavity injected 

 daily with the carbolic-acid lotion. When the gland becomes hard 

 and indolent, it may be rubbed daily with iodine ointment 1 part, 

 vaseline 6 parts. 



TUMORS OF THE UDDER. 



As the result of inflammation of the udder it may become the seat 

 of an indurated diseased growth, which may go on growing and seri- 

 ously interfere with the movement of the hind limbs. If such swell- 

 ings will not give way in their early stages to treatment by iodine, 

 the only resort is to cut them out with a knife. As the gland is often 

 implicated and has to be removed, such mares can not in the future 

 suckle their colts and therefore should not be bred. 



SORE TEATS, SCABS, CRACKS, WARTS. 



By the act of sucking, especially in cold weather, the teats are sub- 

 ject to abrasions, cracks, and scabs, and as the result of such irrita- 

 tion, or independently, warts sometimes grow and prove troublesome. 

 The warts should be clipped off with sharp scissors and their roots 

 burned with a solid pencil of lunar caustic. This is best done before 

 parturition to secure healing before suckling begins. For sore teats 

 use an ointment of vaseline 1 ounce, balsam of tolu 5 grains, and 

 sulphate of zinc 5 grains. 



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