INTRODUCTIOK. 



13 



Particular names, -which are, usually, descriptive of some pecu- 

 liarity on which the classification is based, have been given to 

 each of the divisions and subdivisions of the Animal Kingdom. 

 Thus, the first subkingdom is called the Vertebrate, as it com- 

 prises all animals which have a vertebral column or backbone ; 

 the second subkingdom is termed the Artipulate, since it con- 

 tains those having a jointed body and limbs. The names and 

 a general description of the six subkingdoms are given in the 

 following table : 



O 





Animals 

 with a 

 nervous 

 system 



composed 

 of 



A brain, a spinal marrow, ganglions, etc. ; an inter- 

 nal jointed skeleton ; red blood ; heart ; five 



senses, 



Ganglions and 

 nerves only ; 

 no internal 

 skeleton ; 

 blood usually 

 white ; 

 a heart ; 

 senses more or 

 less incom- 

 plete. 



nertons ganglions united on 

 a middle line in a sort of 

 longitudinal chain, body 

 divided into rings with an 

 external skeleton formed 

 bt the skin, hobe or less 

 hardened. 



Nervous ganglions placed in 

 different parts of the body. 

 and body soft without ex- 

 ternal skeleton, but usual- 

 ly protected by a shell. 



l8t Bub- 

 klDgdom, 

 Verte- 

 brate 

 Animals. 



2d Sub- 

 kiDgdom, 



Articu- 

 late 

 Animals. 



Examples: 

 Mammals, 



Birds, 

 R^tiles, 



Fiehes. 



Insects^ 

 Lobsters, 

 Worms, 



etc. 



Animals of a radiated 

 structure.* Alimen- 

 tary Canal 



Distinct from body-cavitt. 



Not distinct from body-cavity. 



Animals very minute, of simple structure. 



4tb Sub- 

 I kingdom, 



Echino- 

 I derma- 



tous 

 1^ Animals. 



r 5th Sub- 

 kingdom, 

 I CcElen- 

 terous 

 Animals. 



f 6th Sub- 

 J kingdom, 

 "I Prolo- 





1 Examples: 

 Sea- 

 urchins, 

 Star- 

 fishes, 

 etc. 

 Examples-- 

 Jelly- 

 fishes, 

 f Poli/ps, 

 Sydras, 

 ] Sponges , 

 etc. 



1 Examples: 

 Infusoria, 

 Bhizo- 

 pods, etc. 



* The Bchinodenna and the Coelenterates were formerly asBlgned to a single 

 Snhkingdom-EADiATES-and are often called by that name. 



